International audiencePurpose: This study investigated the effects of a combined endurance and strength training on the physiological and neuromuscular parameters during a 2-hour cycling test.Methods: Fourteen triathletes were assigned to an endurance-strength training group (ES) and an endurance-only training group (E). They performed 3 experimental trials before and after training: an incremental cycling test to exhaustion, a maximal concentric lower-limbs strength measurement and a 2-hour cycling exercise. Physiological parameters, free cycling chosen cadence (FCC) and the EMG of Vastus Lateralis (VL) and Rectus Femoris (RF) were analysed during the 2-hour cycling task.Results: The results showed that the maximum strength and the isometric maximal voluntary contraction (isoMVC) after training were significantly higher (P<0.01) and lower (P<0.01) than before training, respectively in ES and E groups. The physiological variables measured during the cycling tests and the progressive increase (P<0.01) in EMGi (VL) and EMGi (RF) throughout the 2-hour cycling test did not differ between the two groups before and after training, except for the variation of EMGi (VL) over the cycle time which was stabilized during the second hour of the 2-hour cycling test due to training in ES group. The decrease in FCC observed in pre-training (P<0.01) was also replaced by a steady FCC for the ES-group during the second hour of exercise.Conclusion: This study confirmed the decrease in the FCC with exercise duration and demonstrated that a specific combined endurance and strength training can prevent this decrease during a 2-hour constant cycling exercise
