Kassens, Heidemarie

Priamikov, S.

Rachold, Volker

Thiede, Jörn

Timokhov, Leonid

OceanRep

North Pole, 1991Case Study 4: Multinational Field ProjectsH. Kassens, S. Priamikov, V. Rachold, J. Thiede, L. TimokhovA retracting ice cover is felt first and moststrongly around the circum-arctic shelvesNorthern Sea RouteNorthwest PassageAs navigable waterways enableglobal traffic and resourceexploitation, impacts on localcommunities will be significant.Arctic Shelf Seas:• Cover half the Arctic Ocean (and represent 25% of global ocean shelves) • Collect freshwater fromSiberian and Canadianrivers leading to a freshwater lid over theentire Arctic Ocean• Have prime roles in sea-ice and brine formationand material transportArctic Shelf Seas:• Are the most biologicallyproductive areas in theArctic• Are critically important to indigenous communities, given higher trophic levelsand contaminant pathways• Offer importantwaterways via thecircum-Arctic flaw-leadpolynya systemArctic Shelf Seas host subsea permafrost regions - virtually unexplored territory -Ice complex, Lena Delta (A. Sher)Arctic coastlines are highly variable and are the site of greatest socio-economic actitivity. Within the Arctic soils and sediments large pools of methane hydrates and methane gas pockets are present. The fate of these methane pools, with their potential to significantly add to the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, is unknown but could be significant for climate change.Thawing Permafrost in the Siberian ArcticSubsea Permafrost in the Laptev SeaLena DeltaRiver LenaSubsea Permafrost in the Laptev SeaFrozen sediments off the Lena Delta(IK9321-8; 12 m water depth)Subsea Permafrost in the Laptev SeaMassiv ice layers with sediment inclusions in the eastern Laptev Sea(KI005-2-4; 15 m below sea floor; 42 m water depth)Subsea Permafrost in the Laptev SeaSubsea Permafrost Below the Unfrozen HoloceneHolocene sediment coverSubmarine PermafrostGasNiessen, 2000Laptev-Sea System: Process Studies on Permafrost Dynamics• Microbial-driven processes in permafrost • Geochemical alteration of permafrost• Stages of permafrost development• Temperature-fields in permafrost • History of subsea permafrost• High-resolution seismiccharacterisation of subseapermafrost• Stability of subsea permafrostResearch ObjectivesLaptev-Sea System: Process Studies on Permafrost DynamicsProject partner• Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung • IFM-GEOMAR• Lena Delta Reserve, Tiksi• Otto-Schmidt-Labor für Polar- und Meeresforschung• Permafrost Institute, Yakutzk• State Research Center for Arctic and Antarctic Research, Saint Petersburg• State Research Center for Geology of the Ocean, Saint Petersburg• Universities of Bremen, Hamburg and MoscowFunding• BMBF, AWI, IFM-GEOMAR, University of Bremen, Russian Ministry for Education and Science • ca. 2 Mill. Euro / Year• 1.7.2003 bis 30.9.2006Laptev-Sea System: Process Studies on Permafrost Dynamics2003LENA-ANABAR (Cape Mamontovy Klyk)TRANSDRIFT IX(Laptev Sea)2004LENA 2004(Samoylov)TRANSDRIFT X(Laptev Sea)2005COAST I(Cape Mamontovy Klyk)LENA 2005(Samoylov)NABOS(northern Laptev Sea)TRANSDRIFT XImax 2.77 °CSeafloor observatories2003/04Laptev-Sea System: Process Studies on Permafrost DynamicsMulti-channel low frequency (100-400 Hz) seismic acoustic profilingSingle channel high frequency (5 kHz) High Resolution profilingLaptev-Sea System: Process Studies on Permafrost DynamicsLaptev-Sea System: Process Studies on Permafrost DynamicsS Laptev Sea Shelf NXXX XXX XXX X  XX  X X X X X  X Permafrost X  X  X     X     x  xProcess Studies on Permafrost Dynamics:Drilling PermafrostProcess Studies on Permafrost Dynamics:Drilling PermafrostCooperation in Pan-arctic Field Research- Perspectives -• Changes in shelf-ocean dynamics andbrine production• Changes in cross-shelf transport• Changes in ecosystems and impacts onmarine resources and local communities• Phenology of key ecosystems events • Evaluations of the paleorecord in developing future scenarios• Responses of Arctic polynyas to climate change (integrators of all of the above)ICARP II: Arctic Shelf Seas (WG 6)- Six Big Issues -Response of polynyas to climate changeThe Northeast Waterhas already morphed into a marginal ice zone.The North Waterremains the most biologicallyproductive and stable polynyabut is poised to change.Cape Bathurst Polynyais highly sensitive to large-scale pack ice movement and riverineinput.Storfjorden Polynyahas very strong winter brine production.Kara Sea Polynyamay be the mostaffordable Siberian polynya.Laptev Sea Polynya, knownfor strong ice production and sediment transport, has becomea moving target as warmer Atlantic water and more riverine water enters the area.Chukchi Sea Polynyais expected to modify incoming Pacific water.Highlights in 2006• IMPETUS 2006Saint PetersburgJune 25 - 29A major science-coordination meeting for international polynyaresearchers, with funding through the German Ministry for Education and Science; expecting > 40 attendees for intensive scientific exchange and planning (ICARP II, IPY, IAPP, Laptev-Sea-System, CFL, Pan-AME-IPY)• Summer-Fall 2006 fieldwork in the North Water and Cape Bathurst Polynya (ArcticNet programs) and Laptev Sea Polynya(NABOS’06)Continuation ofparallel multi-disciplinary research inthree majorArctic polynyas,helping to meet the goals of theInternationalArctic PolynyaProgram (IAPP)Highlights in 2006Laptev SeaCape BathurstNorthWaterHighlights in 2006• International Polar Year: Opening of the IPY Eurasian Arctic Sub-office (EAS) at the State Research Center for Arctic and Antarctic Research in Saint Petersburg (in co-operation with the Otto-Schmidt-Laboratory and the Fram-Arctic Laboratory) www.ipyeaso.aari.nw.ruIn co-operation with IPY IPOthe sub-office will promoteand support IPY-projects in the Eurasian Arctic.Sponsored by: AARI, NPI,AWI, NSF/OPPHighlights for the future• Funding decision on the Eurasian Shelf Seas in the Arctic‘s Changing Environment: Frontal Zones & Polynya Systems in the Laptev Sea, a German-Russian proposal (2006 - 2009). Year-round, integratedsystem studies ofsea ice cover, watercolumn and sea floor across and along frontal zones and the Laptev Sea flaw-polynya system during two seasonal cycles.• Funding decision on the Circumpolar Flaw Lead (CFL) system, a Canadian IPY proposal for overwintering in the Cape Bathurst flaw-lead-polynya system (2006 - 2009)An exciting and ambitious overwinteringexpedition (November2007 - July 2008),whereby the ship, the CCG Amundsen, would remain mobile throughout the year for multidisciplinary samplingand experimentationHighlights for the futureRussian-German Co-operation inScience and Education• Otto-Schmidt-Laboratoryfor Polar and Marine Researchin Saint Petersburg• POMOR:Masterprogramfor Applied Polar and Marine Sciences at theState Universityof Saint PetersburgGoals• to promote the progress of research and closer cooperation with scientists from Russia• to initiate and coordinate international research projects• to establish and develop a laboratory for polar andmarine sciences (incl. a strict quality management) • to support highly qualified Russian scientists in polar and marine scienceOtto Schmidt Laboratory for Polar andMarine Research• 160 scientists from 16 research institutions and universities in Kazan, Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Tiksi, and Yakutsk participated in the OSL fellowship program since 2000.• Fields of research: meteorology, oceanography, marine chemistry, biology, and geosciences.• 255 scientific articles  have been published and 423 talks and posters have been presented at scientific conferences.• 58 fellows participated in the visiting scientists programFunding• Russian and German Ministries for Educationand Science, AARI, AWI, IFM-GEOMAR• 1.3.2005 bis 29.2.2008 (3. period)• 430 TEuro per annumOtto Schmidt Laboratory for Polar andMarine ResearchPOMOR at the State University of Saint Petersburg is:• offering students interdisciplinary studies inapplied polar and marine sciences• a new master program for highly qualified students of meteorology, oceanography, biology,marine chemistry, geography, geology andgeophysics• carried out by the universities of Bremen and St. Petersburg, the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, the IFM-GEOMAR and the Association of North GermanUniversities. • funded by DAAD, BMBF, AWI, IFM-GEOMAR, and the Universities of St. Petersburg, Bremen, Hamburg and Kiel.Master Program for Applied Polarand Marine SciencesMaster Program for Applied Polarand Marine SciencesArctic Research: a Global Necessity

Innovations in collaboration - case study 4: Planning and cooperation for multinational field projects

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