Additional file 1: of Systematic review of the relationship of Helicobacter pylori infection with geographical latitude, average annual temperature and average daily sunshine
Meta-analysis of analyzing the influences of age, sex, smoking and education on the H. pylori infection rate. H. pylori-infected individuals were older than non-infected infected individuals (SMD = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.09–0.44, I2 = 94.2%, P < 0.01) and males were 1.1 times more likely to be infected with H. pylori than females (OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 1.04–1.16, I2 = 72.1%, P < 0.01). High-educated individuals were 0.58 times more likely to be infected with H. pylori than low-educated individuals (OR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.41–0.84, I2 = 97.1%, P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in the H. pylori infection rates between smokers and non-smokers (OR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.93–1.05, I2 = 43.3%, P = 0.042). (PDF 155 kb
