The R&I Observatory country report 2017 provides a brief analysis of the RDI system covering the economic context, main actors, funding trends & human resources, policies to address RDI challenges, and RDI in national and regional smart specialisation strategies. Data is from Eurostat, unless otherwise referenced and is correct as at January 2018. Data used from other international sources is also correct to that date. The report provides a state-of-play and analysis of the national level RDI system and its challenges, to support the European Semester.JRC.B.7-Knowledge for Finance, Innovation and Growt