Heidel, D. F.

Jordan, T. M.

Ladbury, R. L.

Marshall, P. W.

Oldham, T. R.

Pellish, J. A.

Rodbell, K. P.

Stauffer, C. A.

Xapsos, M. A.

NASA Technical Reports Server

National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
Impact of Spacecraft Shielding on 
Direct loilization Soft Error Rates . 
J. A. Pellish1, M. A. Xapsos1, C. A. Stauffer2, T. M. Jordan3, R. L. Ladbury1, 
T. R. Oldham4, P. W. Marshalls, D. F. Heidel6, and K. P. Rodbell6 · · 
1 :-NASA/GSFC Code 561, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA 
2: MEI Technologies (NASA/GSFC), Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA 
3: EMPC, po· Box 3.191, Gaithersburg, MD 20885 USA · · 
4: PSGS (NASA/G~FC), Greenbelt, MD 20771 ·USA 
5:·~onsultant, Brookneal,VA 24528 USA · · · · .. 
6:. IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights,:NY.10598 USA 
• • t • 1 • • , · • \ I • - 0 .' • • • • 
• 
. www.nasa.gov . . ... . 
. To be p'.rese~ted by M. A.- Xap;os .at the ·19~ ·Annual Sin~l~E~ent Effect~ (SEE) Symposi~m. San Die~o:· CA USA 12~14 April 2010 · .: : ·· 
and published on http://radhome.gsfc.nasa.gov·and h_ttp://www.nepp.gov. · 
C 
. 
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20180000080 2019-08-30T13:36:55+00:00Z
Introduction 
• Describe how solar activity affects space weather 
and subsequent single-event effects {SEEs) 
. 
• Demonstrate e·ffect of shielding distributions on 
different environments 
- GCR 
• Solar minimum and maximum 
- Solar particle events 
• CREME96 
• ·PSYCHIC 
0 Predict SEE rates for a· vol~tile an.d non~volat.ile .. : . 
memory · 
I • • • • • • ~ 
·- · SirJ'P.1~ soli_d spl,ere ~h.iel~ing·-:assumptions.: · . 
:: · •' _;· . 3i~r-ray trac~ of .idifferen,t --geomet~1es .: :<··. · . . · .. ·: . ·.. .. . . .. :·. :.·,_.: 
. . .; . . . . \ . . :. . . . ~. ' : : . ' . . . . . ~ ' . . . . . . " . 
TO be presented by J: A.Peillsh at ihe 2~10 Nuc1e~r ~~d S~ace Radiatio~ Effects Conference (~;RE~( Denv~r. ~; US~ 1 e:;3 July 20 io .. ·. ·. · · 
2 
· · • · · · and published on http://rad~ome.gsfc.nasa.gov and http://www.nepp.gov. . . , " 
' 
G 
,., 
Solar Activity Impact$ Space Weather 
GCR Heavy Ions from CREME96 
101 ,__........,,..,...,...,....,........_,..,...,...,....,........_..............,.,........_ .............. ..--.-............... 
~ 10° 
E 
~ 
> Q) 
10·1 
:E 
0 
10·2 
~ 
.... 10·3 
(I) 
(\I s 10-4 
Q) g 10·5 
Q) 
::::> 
U: 10·6 
10·7 
••••••• • 
.......... •••• - Solar Max,mim 
.......... : .... ~....... • .. ------Solar Minimum 
...... ~ ' 
.. --- ··- .. ~. 
.. ~, 
101 102 103 104 
Enerav (MeV/amu 
10' 
Solar ac~ivify -:al~o ·affec~ electrons 
· - All images···Jrom. M>A. Xapso~, IEEE·: 
::" 104 
~Cl) 
103 E 
0 
... 
I 102 > Q) 
:E 
- 101 
X 
::::> 
u.. 100 
-~ C: 10-1 
~ 
~ 10-2 
C 
10·3 
10-1 
--
-~ 
1 C>8 
~ 107 
:r 1<>6 
E 
_u 1C>5 
> G) 104 ~ 
)( 1a3 ::, 
u::: 
~ 102 
C 
~ 101 
! 10° 0 
10·1 
10-2 
Solar Minimum 
Trapped Protons 
Ener1 
olar Maximum 
Trapped Protons 
()~ 
··.N~REC .$horl f;qur~e~ :- ~oq~~ ... ~:. ;_: ·:· .. \·_:: -: ·: _:·:.·> ·:· 
.-_ .. ·. ·.·· · <. .:~:. · ·. ··.: · · :.· .·~. ·.:.· · ·:.:: _· · . . :> _.: .. ,; ._':·:~·.:.-:>. (.:_::-; ·. :·.· .:··: · ...... ·. >;~: ~~ .... : I: ..... · . . : . . . Ener~y.(Me· 
. To be presented· by J. A. Pellish at th~· 2010 Nu~lear and Space R~dlatl~~ .Effe'cts Co~fe~ence' (NSREC).: De~ver, co ,USA ·19~23 July 2010 : · 
10·1 
· · and published on http://radhome.gsfc.nasa.gov and http://www.nepp.gov'. ·. ··: · · · .. · · 
. . . . . . . ·- . 
: 
:.: 
. 3 ' 
::1 
10' 
104 
NOVICE Machinery for 
Rate Calculations 
Accurate Shielding 
. Environment 
10 uo 
Thre1hnld F.nergy (Me V) 
~ 
.. G) 
~·-1u· 
' 0:: 
.. .. 
. , .. . ... ~ · : · ... ... '··· . . . . .. · .. · 
·· · · · · Energy .. . : ' .... · . . . . ' • 
·. · .. ilt: 1n· : : ·'. ·  ... · ,. .. : ..... :·: ·.· .. Pulse·· Heig· ht · .. <. <· . · ·· · · ....... . : .. · . .-:- •·· .. 
''.. sen~itive Y()l~me ' ;:. ': ·.' ;Spectrum •· ·' <" :·: ··· ·'/ > ·• ··.· '' > .. · .. ··•· :: •. .: ,:::? "' 
·. . .. ·To be;pr~;~nt.~d· by. J: A. P~ll!~h at the 201~.Nucle~/ ancl ·sp'ac~ R~~iati~~ Effect~ C6~ference·(~~RE¢}, ·oenver: co' USA 1·~·-23 J~ly 2010· ... '·:~· ·. ". :· · ... 4 
· · · .. and published on http://radhome.gsfc.nasa:govandhttp://www.nepp.gov. · ·· · · ' : · : . · ·· · ·. · · 
•' . . 
Different Types of Shielding 
• Semi-infinite and infinite 
slabs 
0 Solid sphere 
0 Spheric.al shell 
0 Isolated electronics box 
<t . · ·. F ~ I ly-i nt~g rated 
. . space.~r~ft .. · · ... 
. . . , 
10°- .... •·t :f .• . , ..... .. .. . .. .... 
•• ••• 
(/) 
>. 
ro 
0:: 
0 10·1 -
c 
0 
b 
~ 
LL 
,.' , .. 
,I /• 
•• • !~+f 
•·; I ." 1,... 
'C ~ 10·2 ~ 
"ffi 
E 
If I, )l ~ 
0 
z ... ·1---, ..... . 
.•. ;_.. 
10-3 I~•·•·! ., 
10° 101 
- • - No shielding 
- A- 50 mil Al shell 
--'+- S_Q_acecraft 
'I 
102 103 
Aluminum Equivalent Thickness (mil) 
' 
: · · · · ·. ,. . ·, .. , · ·· · . · .• · .. ;: .· ·· ·:·.· "-':· ·. •?: ;·· >> ::r ·_ -··-·-• -:{i:-\ .. i :-,·:\}:;·: . .\:. ) >. /. :- _'_,· .• --. :.:::;:./-~ · 
·yo~-~. presented 'by J. ~ - Pellish.at t~e·.20~0 Nuclear and Space Radiatio_n.Effects"·conf~rence·(NSREC),;l?~~yer: ·c<? -~SA 19-~3 Jul~ 2~1~ . :·. 5 
. · · . . ·· . , . . · ·: and pubhshed on http:1/rad~ome.gsfc.nasa.gov and http:.f/www.ne~p.gov: :·: . .. . , : ·· .. '. . .· . · .: ..... 
,, 
I 
11 
:•· 
Sensitive Volumes 
. SV1 
NAND Flash 
rz? c3' 
- Material: Si02 . 
. 
- Width: 63 nm ·. 
. . 
- Length: 50 nm .. . 
. . 
- Thickness: 10.nm 
SV2 
45 nm SOI SRAM 
- Material: Si 
- Width: 450 nm 
- · Le_ilgtJ,:· 450. nm 
,• . 
. - .Thickness: · ..100·nm .· · .. 
- Qcrit·= 0.06. fC ··:· .· . · -:--.. Qcrit ·~··o.~ fC .. · 
' . ' .. . 
~ :.-~crit =. 6~6 ·.keV ·: ·... . .. · .:· .· · ..  ~ ··. Ec~-it ~:.11 keV .. ,._· . . . 
. . :. . . . : ; : . ' . . : ;: . .. ; . . ' . :_: . ; . . ,')\.\ . . .. . . . '.: ; . :; : . : > :: ( . :, ; > :;.. : :._ ·'' _: : . . . . . 
. To be presented by J, A. Pellish at the 2010 Nuclear and'Space Radiation Effects Conference (NSREC);-Denver, CO USA 19-23 July 2010 · • .._ : : · :.- 6 . 
· · · · ·: . and'published on http://radhome.gsfc,nasa.govandhttp://www.nepp.gov.: ·· · · · ' 
• ' • ,! • • • • • • • • • • .... ' 
1 tl 
I 
!·· 
I 
I 
' 
Solid Sphere Error Rates 
• Galactic cosmic ray 
{GCR) and October 1989 
event spectra 
- Behind 2.54 mm (100 mil) 
aluminum sh_ielding 
0 Direct ionization 
- Does not include nuclear 
.elastic or inelastic 
reactions 
·• ·Gives .rev~rse-int~grated 
rate as· a··function· .of··.:-..;:·· .. .. : 
. . . . . . .; . . . •. ' . 
... -I 
UJ 
... 
. 
-·-
.c 
-Q) 
-ro 
~ 
\., 
0 
\., 
\., 
w 
= 0 (/J 
SV1 ONLY-Silicon 
10·3 
10-6 
10·9 
1 o-12 
1 o-1s 
-*- Worst 5 Minutes 
1 o-,a -+- Worst Day 
- • - Worst Week 
10-21 --• - Solar Minimum 
--- Solar Maximum 
10-24 
10-27 
10"10 1 ff8 1 o·a 1 o.·4 10-2 
Energy Deposited (MeV) 
~ 
10° 102 
e·~·ergy ·de.po~ite'd .. '.  ' .. ·.:·. · ..:.·· . .' . . . . . . :· .. >·. . : ·.. . 
.. . . .. .. .. · . ···. ·:.··:··: •···  ;'. :•· .:'- .. : ..-·· >·•: .• · .. : .. : · •· : • .·•,.:_:: :: : ·::·.•:::. :.(\\· ..· ':i ..• :): : .>.\i:i·". ::\: :;:;:. /.'.·• :,:}':: }i:. ; ::_r::: ; ·.::\,.. :· > ,'. }_:_• ·.
. _- · To be presented by J. f:.: Pellish at the 20~0 Nuclear and Space ~adiation Effects Confer_ef!ce (NSR~C), Denver,·C<?'U~A }9-2~:~uly 2010 .. .-~_ .. :,. :.\ ·: _-. 
7 
, . . . .and published on http://radhome.gsfc.nasa.govandhttp://www.nepp.gov . .. · · · · .. , · :_. . .. . . 
' . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . : . . . ·; . . 
SV1 Soft Error Rates 
0 Silicon dioxide sensitive 
volume 
. - Can't do this in CREME96 
• Shielding impacts solar 
event, protons, and 
solar heayy ions 
• Trapped proton · · 
environment includes ... 
·nuclear eiastic··· _,- · 
. . 
scatter_i ~g · · 
~ . . . 
10 .. 
10-5 
10 .. 
~-
'u, 10·1 
'ft: 10 .. 
.c Vl 
';' 10·9 ~ 
- E (tJ 10·10 C / ~ e ·, . ......  
- • - Worst 5 min 
- • - Worst Day 
- • - Worst Week 
- T - Solar Minimum 
~ - Solar Maximum 
• Trapped Protons 
-•- PSYCHIC Solar Ions 
0 10·11 -~ -- . '-•"' t: w - · . • 
w 10·
12 
1£ ~ ..._ · • ':---
ii:: w \ *,~ ·· ··"' 
.• 0 10"' :,; , t~······"'-C/) ~ ' • ,, ·,. • 
10·1' o g-· ·,.~. ·· °':'-____ • . .. . ;'a 
10
•111 ~ - ·T -·- T - ' • ~·• 
-----......- ---- ......  
10' -~- -- .;~ 
101 102 103 
Solid Aluminum S~here Thickness (mil} 
• · Signitican~ .. ~o·ntribution~ 
: . from protons and solar · ·. ·< ·. ·. · .· · . ·.· 
_-:: . :heavy. ions·,,. .. .. : .. · ... ·. . -.:, .· . . .. ·: .. :.-. :: .• .... .. .. : ··. : _. ' . . ... '.' .:·. ·. ·: ....... ·. 
To b~ presented by J. A. ~ellis~ at the 2010,Nucle_ar and ~p~ce R~diation Effects Co~ference (NSREC),_Denver, °CO USA 19-_23 July 2~_10 . ·... . . ·_.. ~ . · • 
· , · . · . . and published on http://radhome.gsfc.nasa.govandhttp://www.nepp.gov. · ' ' · · 
. . . 
.. ~. - . . . . ' ' . 
1 I 
• 11 
SV2 Soft Error Rates 
• Silicon dioxide· sensitive 
volume 
- Can't do this in CREME96 
• Shielding impacts solar 
10~ 
10-6 
10 .. 
~-
'v, 10·1 
event, protons, and solar :~ 10"' 
.c 
• - 104 h~avy ions ~ 10.10 a: 
0 Trapped proton g 10::: 
• • I w 10 
· environment inc udes cg 10·13 
. (f) 
I; 
e 
-~ 
w * ' 
- • - Worst 5 min 
- • - Worst Day 
- • - Worst Week 
, , • - -y- Solar Minimum 
, , · • ~ • ~ Solar Maximum 
-.. ... ·, · ·• ~ I _• Trapped Protons 
-.............._ .... -~ *- PSYCHIC Solar Ions 
-- -. . 
~ "' ••• • 
• ... •, , 
.............. . 
... 
co - ......... 
ffi \ ------.. • • ~ ...... ........... 
w ,, --- · - - · ·-y D:: (;) - ---- • - • -.,, .. ___... (J T ~ -.......,. 
• 
~ .. . ..... *, 
"'· .. , ...  
· nuclear _ela$tic. scattering 10::: 
. . · . . . . 10 +-........--,.......,....,..,...,...,..,.,,--.,.........,....,....,.....~--.----.-.r""l""PT~ .......... 
·• ;' Significant·contributi.ons· _: ·· · 100 101 1°2 10' 
: : · · . f · : ·. .· · · .. ·· · · · · · . · · ·: · Solid Aluminum Sphere Thickness (mil) 
. . rorn.: .. protons· and: s9lar < .. ·. . · .... ::· ·· ...... .. -. . ,.: : ·· .. · . ._ .· . 
. ·'.. _·· heavY. .. ions ·::·_:-.·_ . .-: ...... --· -\·_:_: ._··.:·<··:·· .· · .. :: . .- ·.·-~ :: _:_ ; ....... :~·.-< .... ·.·.·. · ... :·:·.>. .· . 
. .•.• ~: . ProtO~S d~n,inate ratE! -~ > :.•.. · :· _:_: . ·:: :. ,· . : .: : /: .< . ">" : .' .•·. ':"< . ': .: ... 
... ' . .:': ·:·  . ....-re·verse.-fro· m'· ·sv.1··-.. ~ ·\ .... (·: _ .. _ : .. ::·: .:-::.::· ··:·.·.··.:::·_:·./.-:. ·.' <·.:..--.<~-\-··_. ~:··_ : . .,·.: .... · ~ -~·.:--.. <·:_,· ... _:_: ... ; '. . · 
. .. .. . ,, . . . . . . . ... . . : .. ·.. .. . . . .:. . . .· .. •.. . '·' . .. \. ~· .. · .. • :. ·: .. , .... ; ·... . . . ... ' .. .. . - .. · ·.. . . . .. · .. : :.._. · .. · ..·. _· .:__ > <::·.·:.-: . <· ... ............. ;_: .. ·.( .. ;.· ~~/. ~-·:: _:/:.:·-. : ·:_ :-.:-::: :_:._.- .. _ :_. : i:: .. <.) .. ><./. ·.\· r< .. ·/-\ i ._·_. ·.::.:::.:::.:-~·:.·: _ ::_·.> . .->·_·7_·:·:~ ~-.: .·\ : .. ::,. :· _::· .. _:. ; f:.'. _;::_· ... · .._;,:._ -~ ::." _:; . 
·.- : -' .:. :. To b~·pr~sent~d -~Y J. A ..Pellis~ at th~ 20~0 N~~,~-ar"and.Sp~c~:Radi~tio~ Effe~~ c~·nf~~~~ce·(~~R-~Cf,·.~eny~;.- ~O:U~A 1~~~)~iy. ~~10 .... ,_: .. i. ·; \ ~ · 
.. · . . · .. .- : ·· ''· a.nd~ubllsh_edonhttp://radhome.gsfc.nasa.gov_andhttp:~/www:nepp.gov.· :: ·.·· ·: ... : ·. · · · . .-·.:". :- . · .· ·. · 
. . . . . . . -· . . ' ... . . . . , . . . . 
I 
I 
1 . . 
! 
Low-Energy Protons Affect Rates 
Differential Integral 
1 0 9 :a 7'l777::;7'T}7':7.,',77"?7~77"':7 ..... 7~7-7- -.,, 
•t"·-·-· 1012 
"a 
·-·-· " "'•• 
_,..A-•-.~ 
"..I 
- • - 50 mil Al 
- • - 100 mil Al 
- • - 200 mil Al 
- * - 500m i1 AI 
- • - Incident 
- • - SO mil Al 
- • - 100 mil Al 
- +-- 200 m ii Al 
~ I 10B 
NE 
·~ •, 
.... 
'II 
1011 
N-
C (.) -*- 500 m ii Al 
- • 
(.) - A 
-i. 107 IK~ #'&/ 
Q) 
(.) 
C Q) 
!. 1010 
B 
C 
Q) 
--. 
- • 
·-·-·-·-•-•:::. 
•- •- •- •-•-•-•' • .....  , 
.--.- +--.-+-+-+-+~ 
'+: 
*-*-*- *-* - * - * - * 
:s 
U: 10a 
C 
In.creasing Shielding .2 109 LL 
C 
.s 
..... * 
"* ~ Increasing Shield ing 
l 106 Fa ~~~:~~~.:gy r~~ ~'~~Cb " ""' 0 108 0:. 
' 
107 I 
1 
, ... 1 10· .... , c u 11 1 I I ii I I 10·1 10° 101 102 103 10° 101 102 103 
Proton Energy (MeV) Proton Energy(> MeV) 
·. ~oth charts adapted from D.'F. Heidel, et-al., IE~E ··TNs,. ·oec •. 2008. . ·: . 
, ~ Both ~harts ~~pl~f4~sr s~li_d:sph8riCal s.hielding .. . 
. ':: .-. :• . ·-=.) · .. :./ ... : .. ·:: . .. <.· .... ·.; ·: ·,;,_ ... _'.,:,;· .. :.. i'· _": .. :':·.>-, ... :.:.:: ·.· .. ·. ~:~· :·:: .· :\· ... i ::.:._: .. i.-·i __ ..  :.: .. ·-~ :··_>:-.: .· ·.: .··:.-.. :.·. ~-.; .. :.-,::·~.;-.: -. •, : 
: :·_:: Cannot shield low-ene.rgy protons - shielding hardens spectra :.:·:· ~::_·:·.·.( ·.-~-. 
. . .. 
• • • • •• ... • • • .... _.. . ... • • • • ;• ~ < • • • • • • • • • • 
,:o ~e pr~~~~ted by·J·.-A: ~elli~h at t~~ 20~0'Nuclear ~~d ~~a~~ Ra.diati~ri ~~~~ts Conference (NS~EC), D~~~~{c~-~~~ 19-~~ J~ly 2.6-~o- ·---:: .- . _: :_. : ~:· 10 . 
. · · . ·. · · · . . .and pubhshed on http://radhome.gsfc.nasa.govandhttp://www.nepp.gov.· · · · .. ·._ . . . .. · . · .·- . . .-_ 
• • • ' • • : • • • 6 (.• • • • 
·:. ., 
':•: 
. -· 
~-
.·-
•.:..! 
..... ~.: 
Conclusions 
~!: Simplified, solid sphere shielding can overestimate 
.l,. 
· soft error rates 
- This is usually ~rue for total dose4!stimates too 
~ Contribution of trapped proton and solar heavy ion 
environments can dominate soft error· rate. 
- Equivalent to October 1989 worst week . 
0 
.Direct ionization from protons ijs a critical. effect 
. . . 
· .- ·Cannot staield ·1ow-energy proton~ a~<;I space~ra~ geometry . 
, . . . . 
. :· will determine the fi'na1· environment · 
. . . . . 
.. 
• .future lllissiOn stu~i~S:Wm ,need .(o .,relY more oil . ·.. . . 
. .·· ·· -too·l~.-:_ll"e ·NOV,_IG~-:· a·ncl·:·~eant~~a~~cf,~pplic~tions··:: ·: -·· ·.-::·· 
,:  · .... · :··· (CREM.E~NIC·.tlQd;SPEN\IIS/MULAS$1~) : .·: ·:. :: •·•·· ' .•. /.· · .. :.·: · .  ·. 
! .... · .··.· : •.•~ ;:: .• ·: :•. :·. ,-·••. : .•. ·: :• :.:; •. ·• :. : · .. ·· ·;:···.· ;\.t ~• .. ·:;:·{;. ':.•.••. ·}/\; ',:·•.•·: ':::·:::.•:.:··\: :: {;.~;:::;: ; : ,\i;·: :·:::  •• •;y ·.; · \}.:c •\:'.·'.\. ••.> : : .;· .. · .· :• 
. _._To be presented by J. :A. Pelli~h-at the 20~ O ~ucl~ar. and Space Radiat!on Eff~~~-Confe~encf (~SRE~};-pe~ver, ~~ ~S~ -~-~-~3. July _201 O :-_ . ;·. -:_ ·. , :::· · 11 ~ · · 
· · . . · .. · . . · · and published on http://radhome.gsfc.nasa.govandhttp://www.nepp.gov. · · · : .. i ., ·• , ·. • , . ••• :·. :' ~. · .. 
f I • • • • I • " . • ' • ,- .... • •, • • • • • • ~ • • • \ • • ~ • "' • • $ • .. • : • .'' • ' • • ' 
' 


Impact of Spacecraft Shielding on Direct Ionization Soft Error Rates

Impact of Spacecraft Shielding on Direct Ionization Soft Error Rates

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