Berg, M. D.

Castaneda, C. M.

Friendlich, M. R.

Heidel, D. F.

Kim, H. S.

LaBel, K. A.

Marshall, P. W.

Mendenhall, M. H.

Pellish, J. A.

Perez, C. E.

Phan, A. M.

Reed, R. A.

Rodbell, K. P.

Schwank, J. R.

Seidleck, C. M.

Weller, R. A.

NASA Technical Reports Server

• 
2011 NSREC Charts 
National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration 
UCDAVIS 
IJ1'.ll\.fH.-:,1 n 01 CAI II \)R'\IA 
• Low-Energy Proton Testing 
Using Cyclotron Sources 
J. A. Pellish1, P. W. Marshall2, C. M. Castaneda3, R. A. Weller", 
D. F. Heidel5, K. P. Rodbell5, K. A. La8el1, M. D. Berg6, H. S. Kims, 
M. R. Friendlich6, A. M. Phan6, C. E. Perezs, C. M. Seidlecks, 
J. R. Schwank7, M. H. Medenhall4, and R. A. Reed4 
1: NASA/GSFC Flight Data Systems & Radiation Effects Branch, Code 561, Greenbelt, MD 2on1 USA 
2: NASA Consultant, Brookneal, VA 24528 USA 
3: UC Davis/Crocker Nuclear Laboratory, Davis, CA 95616 USA 
4: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 USA 
5: IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598 USA 
6: MEI Technologies (NASA/GSFC), Greenbelt, MD 20n1USA 
7: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA 
Sandia II a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United StalH 
Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. 
www.nasa.gov 
To be presented by J A Pellish at the 2011 Nuclear and Space Aad1at1on Effects Conference (NSREC), Las Vegas, NV USA 29 July 2011 
and pubhshed on http //rad home gsfc nasa gov/ and http //www nepp gov/ • 
Outline 
• Introduction 
• Proton facility 
UC Davis_ Crocker Nuclear 
Laboratory (CNL) 
Beam line monitoring 
• Surface barrier detector 
• Radiochromic film 
• Transport simulations 
• Missing pieces 
Angular divergence 
Beam spot shape 
• Conclusions 
Ta be preser,ted by J A. Pellish at the 2011 Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conferer,ce (NSREC), Las Vegas, NV USA 29 July 2011 
and published on http //radhome gsfc.nasa gov/ and http //www nepp gov/ 
•• 
To be presented by J. A. Pellish at the 2011 Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference 
(NSRE~), Las Vegas, NV, 29 July 2011 and published on http://radhome.gsfc.nasa.gov/ and 
http://www.nepp.gov/. 
·,.: 
18 July 2011 
1 
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20180001355 2019-08-30T12:20:06+00:00Z
2011 NSREC Charts 
UC Davis Crocker Nuclear Laboratory. 
Assuming Setup In-Air (can do vacuum) 
• Upstream-to-downstream 
progression: 
Beam diameter on 
6.35 µm Ta foil Is O. 79 cm 
- Defining collimator is 0.95 cm 
- Secondary electron emission 
monitor (SEEM) uses three 
6.35 µm Al foils 
- User-selected degraders are 
Inserted here (Al or Mylar) 
- Kapton exit window and 
defining collimator 
- Air gap is user-selected within 
experimental parameters 
- Can put vacuum chamber here 
Ta = tantalum 
Al = aluminum 
To be presMted by J A. PelhSh at the 2011 Nuclear and Spac& Radtation Effects Conference (NSREC), Las Vegas, NV USA 29 July 2011 
and published on http //radhome gsfc nasa g<N/ and l'lttp //www nepp gov/ 
Low-Energy Proton Testing 
600 
/ 
10' 
,,, • 10' 
10' 
/ 101 
,-- 10' -
, 10'1 
10\i!: 
10' 
10• 
10' 
0 10" 
10-l 10 t 10 1 10' 101 1o> t<i ,o~ 
... v, 
NIST PSTAR tool (ICRU Report 49, 1993) 
Upsets vs. Proton Energy: 65nm SOI SRAM 
• V•1.2V (CNL· 6 3 MeV Beam} 
- o- V•1.3V (CNL: 14 6 MeV Beam 
• V•1 av (NPTC) 
• A V•1.0V (TRIUMF) 
<> · V•1.3V (IUCFJ 
• · Vz1 av (IBM YKT) 
1 10 100 
Incident Proton Energy (MeV) 
D. F. Heidel et al., TNS, vol. 6, 2008. 
• Cross sections plotted as a function of Incident proton energy -
Inversely proportional to degrader thickness 
- Several Implications/assumptions oust the mean, distribution will change by the · 
time It reaches the sensitive volume, and no flux depletion) 
• Greatest effect In the shortest distance; beam loss at low energy 
• How do we know the mean energy and standard deviation? 
To be presented by J A Pellish at the 2011 Nuclear and Space Rad1ahon Ef1ec1s COnfenr ice (NSREC), Las Vegas, Ml USA 29 July 2011 
and pubhShed on http //radhOme gstc nasa g<:N/ and http //www nepp gov/ 
To be presented by J. A. Pellish at the 2011 Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference 
(NSREC), Las Vegas, NV, 29 July 2011 and published on http://radhome.gsfc.nasa.gov/ and 
http://www.nepp.gov/ . 
.. . ----~, -~---.:.=-==-===-~- ~---- --·-- · ··---- ---- -· - -- - - - ----- - --· ----- -- ------- -
18 July 2011 
2 
2011 NSREC Charts 
Beam Line Monitoring 
• • Use Ortec fully-
depleted silicon 
surface barrier 
detectors 
- Calibrated with 241Am 
source 
- Degraded to different 
energies for multiple 
cal points 
• Provides in-situ 
information regarding 
mean and distribution 
- Not a particle counter 
Am= americium 
SSBO = silicon surface barrier detector 
101 I -O<tec SBO) 
2.0 2.5 3.0 
Proton K,necic En (MoV) 
Example SSBD Proton Energy Spectrum 
TOl>e P<""""IOt,yJ A. P ........... 2011 Nuclaarond-0Rad&at,onEnOC110>n1• .-..(NSNoC). l.a• Vega .. NV USA 29J"Y2011 
""°""''"""" on hl\>/lr-!JSl<:nutgov/On<lhNp/,__,,,,, 
MRED 3-D Model of the 
CNL Beam Line • 
Air Gap 
b ·. ---
~, Mylar Degrader fY' Kapton 
Silicon Target 
• Realistic setup for an 
actual run with 
degraders 
- 6.35 µm Ta scattering 
foll not shown (- 4 m 
upstre~m) 
- 3x 6.35 µm Al SEEM 
foils 
- Al degrader is 50.8 µm 
- Mylar degrader is 
3.175 µm 
- 127 µm Kapton exit 
window 
- 11 cm air gap 
- Silicon target 
TObtpresenteobyJ A Ptl'i:shl!the20tt Nuetear ll'IO Spece Rldt111CnEtrec1sCOnftrtree (NSREC), LU Vegas, NVUSA29.My20t1 
.-Id~ on Ntp lira~ O*, na:sa go,,,/ ena MpJ/www nepp ,p,t. 
To be presented by J. A. Pellish at the 2011 Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference 
(NSREC), Las Vegas, NV, 29 July 2011 and published on http://radhome.gsfc.nasa.gov/ and 
http://www.nepp.gov/. 
' -- ··- . -- - ' .. 
18 July 2011 
3 
2011 NSREC Charts 
MRED, SRIM, and MULASSIS vs. Data-· 
Degraders 
50.8 µm aluminum & 3.175 µm Mylar 
10' 
2.0 2.5 
Proton 1<11,etJo EnttVY (MeV) 
3.0 
• Beam data comes from a 
calibrated Ortec B-18-150-
300 fully depleted silicon 
surface barrier detector 
• -120k events for each 
dataset 
• Spacing between beam line 
elements makes a 
difference 
SRIM and MULASSIS are 
planar stacks 
- Could be additional factors 
2.21 MeV 2.25 MeV 2.34 MeV 2.35 MeV 
• Energy distribution appears 
to be well-described, but 
what about the spatial 
distribution? MRED SBD MULASSIS SRIM 
10• 
i 
10' 
b 10• 
Ii 
.! 
.... 10• 
I 10• 
Tobop<-IJ\'J 4 P-atllle ZOil Nl.claarlndsc,eceAa<bt ... eN ... ,O>n1.enc. (NSAEC).Us Vegas. NVUS4 29Jc<y2011 
andp,bl-onhllj>//f-Qslc .... <pland1>t1pli-,_,p1 
MRED-Simulated Angular Divergen~e. 
Degraders 
2 mil aluminum & 0.125 mil Mylar 
s 10 ts 
• to 8eam A . . ,(") 
Representative example only 
20 
• Assumes a perfectly 
parallel beam incident 
on the Ta foil 
- We know this is false 
• Affects energy loss of 
proton in device under 
test 
• Depends on material 
spacing along beam 
line and size of air gap 
- Assumed to be smaller 
in vacuum (advantage?) 
TObo pt ..... ed I>\' J 4 Ptllisl>at Ille 2011 Nucloat ancl SOl<O -1 ... ett..,.ec,,;•enoe (NSRECI. Us Vegas. NV us,. 29.July 2011 
and.,...l..,...onh111>l-penasa,p{WhnpJi-,_,p1. 
To be presented by J. A. Pellish at the 2011 Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference 
(NSREC), Las Vegas, NV, 29 July 2011 and published on http://radhome.gsfc.nasa.gov/ and 
http://www.nepp.gov/. 
. -·-- - . f 
18 July 2011 
4 
2011 NSREC Charts 18 July 2011 
Experimental Angular Divergence • 
• Raw beam with no Ta 
foil and no quadrupole 
doublet 
• Radiochromic film 
images are not 
correlated due to 
retuning after entering 
vault 
Images are scaled 
accurately -
8.2x larger area 
downstream 
• Angular divergence of 
beam due to beam tune 
only 
• Measured divergence 
is approximately 0.7° 
- Via phosphorus screen 
(not shown) 
ToblpresMtodt,yJ. A. _11 ... 2011 ..., ... ,end Spoco--EffectsCo<11•enc• (NSREC), l.uVogu. lNUSA 29July2011 ond-on 1>11PJ/11.,_.gs,cnue ;o,/end Olfl> /iwwwnei>1> gov/ • 
Beam Shape in North Cave 
• Without Tantalum Scattering Foil 
200 
~ 150 
s ! 100 
50 
o .,._.,.-_...,..--,-....,_",-,--,--.--f'...., 
0 1 J S • 5 I 7 I I 10 11 
_,..,.. 
With Tantalum Scattering Foil 
50 
0 ~.----.----...,...--+-+--.--.--.----..:-. 
0 1 2 S • 5 t 7 I t 10 11 
V.!d!!I cm 
• Ta foil and quadrupole doublet each have critical 
role to play 
• Effect of magnets cannot be described analytically 
- Information about the quadrupoles lost to history, but ••• 
To1>1pr..,.odt,yJ A. Pt11,..,11V>12011 _,end SO,,CtAadlahonEftectsCont- (NSAEC), usvegas, INUSA29""Y2011 
&nd~""''"'"" onN!pJllodOOrMgslenasa ,;p,/and1111C>--,;p,/ 10 
To be presented by J. A. Pellish at the 2011 Nuclt:?ar and Space Radiation Effects Conference 
(NSREC), Las Vegas, NV, 29 July 2011 and published on http://radhome.gsfc.nasa.gov/ and 
http://www.nepp.gov/. 
-·. . . . . ·----- -·- - ' ------ . --- ~ --- -----
5 
2011 NSREC Charts 18 July 2011 
Grayscale Beam Spot in North ·cave • 
No Ta foll + No Quads Ta foll + Quads 
__ 2.6cm FWHM 
• Pictorial description of quadrupole doublet and Ta foil 
interactions 
• Upshot is that the arrangement works and we can prove it 
even if we cannot write it down 
To be presented by J A Pellish at the 201 t Nuclear and Space Aad1at1011 Effects Con18fence (NSAEC), Las Vegas, NV USA 29 July 2011 
and published on http I/rad home gsfc nasa gov/ and http //www nepp rpv/ • 11 
Conclusions • • CNL represents ideal (though not only) choice for low-
energy proton single-event testing 
- Minimal beam line mass 
- . User-controlled degrader setup in vacuum 
- Optional vacuum chamber 
• Use beam line monitoring techniques to ensure post 
facto knowledge of the beam characteristics 
- Surface barrier detector 
- Radlochroqilc film 
• Employ radiation transport simulations for a p,:iori 
investigations and Monte Carlo tools, specifically, for 
advanced rate calculation methodologies · 
• Need beam energy and momentum characteristics (i.e., 
beam's emittance) for highest fidelity simulations 
- Energy distribution OK for stopping and range 
- Momentum/angular distribution required for spatial effects 
To be presented by J. A. Pe111Sh at the 2011 Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference (NSREC,, Las Vegas, NV USA 29 July 2011 
and publ1Shed on httpJ/radhome gstc nasa g<NI and http //www nepp rp,/ 12 
To be presented by J. A. Pellish at the 2011 Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference 
(NSREC), Las Vegas, NV, 29 July 2011 and published on http://radhome.gsfc.nasa.gov/ and 
http://www.nepp.gov/. 
--- -- ----- ------ __ ;. __ ..... -- .... = -- . 
6 
2011 NSREC Charts 
Many Thanks to Our Supporters • 
• NASA Electronic Parts and Packaging 
program 
• Defense Threat Reduction Agency 
• Work was conducted in part using the 
resources of the Advanced Computing 
Center for Research and Education at 
Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 
Questions? 
Tobep, .... OIIO,J A. P..,,,,a,11102011 Nu;1oa, .... sc,oe.Ra~t,onENect1Conl•enco(NSN:C), ln Vegas. NV USA29J<Ay201t 
...,P<A>,...,odoo"'IPllr-QIOc:nasagovlandhttp/lWN#,,_p. 
To be presented by J. A. Pellish at the 2011 Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference 
(NSREC), Las Vegas, NV, 29 July 2011 and published on http://radhome.gsfc.nasa.gov/ and 
http://www.nepp.gov/. 
.... -··- .. . --
18 July 2011 
7 


Low-Energy Proton Testing Using Cyclotrons Sources

Low-Energy Proton Testing Using Cyclotrons Sources

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