Faunistical characteristics of butterflies in surroundings of Karlovac (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera)

Abstract

Istraživanje faune danjih leptira na području jugoistočne okolice Karlovca trajalo je od 2001. do 2007., a istraživanje brojnosti tijekom 2006. i 2007. Odabrana su četiri povezana, ali ekološki različita lokaliteta na kojima je utvrđena fauna danjih leptira i brojnost jedinki svih danjih leptira po metodi transekta. Obrada podataka uključivala je izradu tabličnih i grafičkih prikaza brojnosti leptira kao i usporedbu lokaliteta Sørensenovim indeksima sličnosti faune. Analizirane su razlike u brojnosti leptira s obzirom na ekološke uvjete lokaliteta. Kretanje brojnosti svake porodice te pet najbrojnijih vrsta analizirano je za 2006. i 2007. Pritom je razmatran utjecaj srednjih dnevnih temperatura i amplituda na kretanje brojnosti. Utvrđeno je da na području istraživanja fauna danjih leptira broji 65 vrsta ili 34.21% faune Hrvatske. Većina je vrsta prema zoogeografskoj pripadnosti eurosibirska. Najveća brojnost i raznolikost vrsta dolazi na lokalitetu s rubom šume. Promjene srednje dnevne temperature tijekom sezone ne pokazuju vidljiv utjecaj na kretanje ukupne brojnosti jedinki porodica i najbrojnijih vrsta jer je značajniji regulator faunistički sastav i biologija pojedinih leptira.The research of diurnal butterflies' fauna on the south-east area near Karlovac lasted since 2001 till 2007. The research of abundance has been done during 2006 and 2007. Four linked, but ecologically different sites were chosen, where the fauna of diurnal butterflies and number of individuals of all diurnal butterflies was detemined, according to transect method. Data analysis included making of tabulations and diagrams of butterflies abundance just as a comparison of sites with Sørensen’s similarity coefficient. There has been analysed the differences in abundance of butterflies regarding to ecological site conditions. Changing of abundance of each family, just as five most numerous species, has been analysed during 2006 and 2007. The influence of average daily temperatures and amplitudes on changing of abundance was considered. In total, 65 species were found on research area. It represents 34.21% of Croatian diurnal butterfly species. According to zoogeographical categories the most species were founded to be eurosiberian. The biggest abundance and biodiversity was established on site that includes the forest margin. The effect of temperature on abundance of families and most numerous species did not take noticeably significance during the summer. The temperature changes are not only factor that controls the abundance of individulas of some species. More significant factors are types of species (characteristics of butterfly fauna) and individual species biology