Six species of leucosioid crabs are reported from the Ryukyu Islands in this paper: Arcania sagamiensis Sakai, 1969, Ebalia stellaris Naruse & Ng, 2006, Ebaliopsis erosa (A. Milne- Edwards, 1873), Myra eudactylus (Bell, 1855), Urnalana elata (A. Milne-Edwards, 1874) (Leucosiidae); and Iphiculus spongiosus Adams & White, 1849 (Iphiculidae). Ebaliopsis erosa are recorded from Japanese waters for the first time; all but Ebalia stellaris and M. eudactylus are recorded from the Ryukyu Islands based on the specimens for the first time. Taxonomic notes are also provided for some selected species.琉球列島より得られたコブシガニ上科6種 (サガミトゲコブシArcania sagamiensis, ホシズナエバリアEbalia stellaris, Ebaliopsis erosa, ノコバテナガコブシMyra eudactylus, サガミコブシUrnalana elata, ノコハコブシIphiculus spongiosus) の標本を記録した. それらのうち, Ebaliopsis erosaは日本より初めて, サガミトゲコブシ•サガミコブシ•ノコハコブシは琉球列島より初めて, それぞれ標本を基に報告された. また, Ebaliopsis erosaには新標準和名クルミコブシを与え, 和名の基準とする標本にRUMF-ZC-4279を指定した. さらに, 各種の近似種との識別形質や潜在的な分類学的問題点について概説した
