Bogdanov, A.

Frizyuk, K.

Iorsh, I.

Komissarenko, F.

Lavrinenko, Andrei

Makarov, S.

Miroshnichenko, A.

Mukhin, I.

Petrov, M.

Samusev, A.

Sinev, I.

We demonstrate directional launching of surface plasmon polaritons on thin goldfilm with a single silicon nanosphere. The directivity pattern of the excited surface waves exhibits rapid switching from forward to backward excitation, which is driven by the mutual interference of magnetic and electric dipole moments supported by the dielectric nanoantenna

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Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Apr 10, 2018Switchable directional excitation surface plasmon polaritons with dielectricnanoantennasSinev, I.; Komissarenko, F.; Bogdanov, A.; Petrov, M.; Frizyuk, K.; Makarov, S.; Mukhin, I.; Samusev, A.;Lavrinenko, Andrei; Miroshnichenko, A.; Iorsh, I.Publication date:2017Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of recordLink back to DTU OrbitCitation (APA):Sinev, I., Komissarenko, F., Bogdanov, A., Petrov, M., Frizyuk, K., Makarov, S., ... Iorsh, I. (2017). Switchabledirectional excitation surface plasmon polaritons with dielectric nanoantennas. Paper presented at 11thInternational Congress on Engineered Material Platforms for Novel Wave Phenomena, Marseille, France. 11th International Congress on Engineered Material Platforms for Novel Wave Phenomena - Metamaterials 2017Marseille, France, Aug. 28th - Sept. 2nd 2017Switchable directional excitation surface plasmon polaritons with dielectricnanoantennasI. Sinev1, F. Komissarenko1,2, A. Bogdanov1, M. Petrov1, K. Frizyuk1, S. Makarov1,I. Mukhin1,2, A. Samusev1, A. Lavrinenko1,3, A. Miroshnichenko4, and I. Iorsh11Department of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials, ITMO University, Kronverksky pr. 49, 197101,St.Petersburg, Russia2St. Petersburg Academic University, Khlopina st. 8, 194021, St. Petersburg, Russia3Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark4Nonlinear Physics Center, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australiai.sinev@metalab.ifmo.ruAbstract – We demonstrate directional launching of surface plasmon polaritons on thin goldfilm with a single silicon nanosphere. The directivity pattern of the excited surface waves ex-hibits rapid switching from forward to backward excitation, which is driven by the mutualinterference of magnetic and electric dipole moments supported by the dielectric nanoantenna.I. INTRODUCTIONHigh refractive index dielectric nanoparticles are attracting significant attention due to their unique propertiesdue to inherently strong magnetic and electric dipole responses in the visible spectral range[1, 2]. The interplayof these resonances in combination with inherently low level of losses has already inspired all-dielectric-basedsolutions for superdirective nanoantennas, sensors, metasurfaces for efficient wavefront control and beam shaping,metadevices granting giant enhancement of non-linear effects, etc.Yet another possible application of subwavelength particles is for launching surface waves, in particular, surfaceplasmon polaritons (SPP). Recently, directional launching of SPP was demonstrated with magnetic nanoantennas[3]and 1D grooves[4]. Dielectric nanoparticles, by merit of possessing both magnetic and electric polarizabilities,could provide additional tools [5] for controlling the directivity of surface waves in the visible and infrared spectralranges. In this work, we reveal unique opportunities for manipulation of directivity pattern of SPP delivered bymutual interference of electric and magnetic dipole resonances of single dielectric nanoparticle. We demonstrateswitching between directional excitation of SPP on gold substrate along the wavevector of the incident beam tototal suppression of forward scattering followed by restoration of forward SPP scattering pattern at longer wave-lengths.II. SURFACE PLASMON POLARITONS FROM SILICON NANOSPHERETo study the patterns of launching of surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) by a silicon nanosphere, we employanalytical model based on Green’s function approach[6]. This model relies on calculation of the sphere electricand magnetic polarizabilities in dipole approximation. While for s-polarized excitation the SPP directivity patternis inherently symmetric, p-polarized excitation can provide directional excitation of SPP due to interference effectsbetween the induced dipole moments. In the case of p-polarized pump, three independent dipole moments thatcontribute to SPP waves are excited in the silicon nanosphere: magnetic dipole along the y axis, characterizedby the magnetic polarizability my and two electric dipoles along z and x axes with polarizabilities pz and px,respectively (see Fig. 1a).The sphere polarizabilities are calculated via Green’s function approach with account for the influence of thesubstrate[6, 7], after which the fields of SPP excited by the induced dipole moments are obtained in a straightfor-ward manner. The calculated maps of forward and backward directivity of SPP from 275 nm silicon nanosphereare shown in Fig. 1b,c. The maps demonstrate resonant switching between forward and backward SPP excitationat 870 nm, with forward directivity reaching zero near the angle of incidence of approximately 30 degrees.ISBN 978-88-941141-2-6 41 11th International Congress on Engineered Material Platforms for Novel Wave Phenomena - Metamaterials 2017Marseille, France, Aug. 28th - Sept. 2nd 20173210Directivity0102030405060Angle of incidence, deg.700 900800 1000 1100Wavelength, nm(b) (c)700 900800 1000 1100Wavelength, nmkEH Si spherepxmypz(a)GoldFig. 1: Analytically calculated maps of (a) forward and (b) backward directivity of surface plasmon polaritonlaunched by a single 275 nm silicon nanosphere on gold substrate. The SPP direction is defined with respect to thedirection of the in-plane component of the wavevector of the incident plane wave.700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050forwardbackward302106024090270120300150330180 0Wavelength, nm302106024090270120300150330180 0302106024090270120300150330180 0Plasmon intensity, norm.0.02.01.80.80.41.2(a)(b)(c)750 nm 875 nm 1000 nmFig. 2: (a) (False color) Fourier plane images of SPP excited by a 275 nm silicon nanosphere on 40 nm goldlayer at 750, 875 and 1000 nm wavelengths. (b) SPP directivity patterns reconstructed from the measured Fourierimages. (c) Spectral dependence of forward and backward SPP intensity demonstrating fast switching betweenSPP excitation directions. The wavelengths corresponding to data presented in (a,b) are marked with dashed lines.ISBN 978-88-941141-2-6 42 11th International Congress on Engineered Material Platforms for Novel Wave Phenomena - Metamaterials 2017Marseille, France, Aug. 28th - Sept. 2nd 2017III. LEAKAGE RADIATION MICROSCOPY EXPERIMENTSTo demonstrate the effect of SPP directivity switching experimentally, we realized the setup for leakage radiationmicroscopy combined with Fourier plane imaging optics [8]. A series of silicon nanospheres with a diametersranging from 240 to 300 nm obtained with fs laser ablation was transferred to 40 nm gold layer on glass substratevia nanomanipulations under electron beam. SPP was launched from the sphere by exciting it with a TM-polarizedbeam incident at ≈30 degrees to the substrate normal and mildly focused with a achromatic doublet lens. TheSPP radiation leaking through thin gold film was collected from the bottom with an oil immersion objective (Zeiss100x, NA=1.46). In the Fourier imaging optical channel, the incident beam was filtered with a beamstop to avoidcamera overexposure.Figure 2a and b show the Fourier plane images and directivity patterns of SPP from 275 nm nanosphere for threedistinctively different regimes at three wavelengths: highly directional forward excitation (750 nm), inversion ofthe directivity pattern at 875 nm, and recovery of forward excitation regime at 1000 nm. The resonant behavior ofthe switching process predicted by the analytical model is best illustrated in Fig. 2c, where the spectral dependenceof SPP leakage radiation intensity in forward and backward half-planes is shown. The backward SPP excitationregime manifests itself only within an extremely narrow band of about 30 nm.IV. CONCLUSIONIn summary, we have revealed fascinating modifications of directivity pattern of surface plasmon polaritonsexcited by a single high-index dielectric nanoparticle. We showed that for particular angle of incidence, mutualinterference of electric and magnetic dipole moments of the nanoparticle provides total suppression of the sur-face wave launched in either forward or backward direction. The experimental demonstration of rapid switchingbetween these regimes was carried out via leakage radiation microscopy combined with Fourier plane imagingoptics, which allowed to reconstruct full spectral dependence of the SPP directivity pattern. The results could findapplication for designing highly efficient nanoantennas for controlling the propagation of surface waves.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTThis work was financially supported by Russian Science Foundation, grant no. 15-12-20028.REFERENCES[1] A. B. Evlyukhin, S. M. Novikov, U. Zywietz, R. L. Eriksen, C. Reinhardt, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, and B. N. Chichkov “Demon-stration of magnetic dipole resonances of dielectric nanospheres in the visible region”, Nano Letters, vol. 12, p. 3749(2012)[2] A. I. Kuznetsov, A. E. Miroshnichenko, Y. H. Fu, J. Zhang, and B. Luk’yanchuk “Magnetic light”, Scientific Reports,vol. 2, p. 492 (2012)[3] Y. Liu, S. Palomba, Y. Park, T. Zentgraf, X. Yin, and X. Zhang, “Compact Magnetic Antennas for Directional Excitationof Surface Plasmons”, Nano Letters, vol. 12, p. 4853 (2012)[4] F. J. Rodrı´guez-Fortun˜o, G. Marino, P. Ginzburg, D. OConnor, A. Martı´nez, G. Wurtz, amd A. Zayats, “Near-field inter-ference for the unidirectional excitation of electromagnetic guided modes”, Science, vol. 340, p. 328 (2013)[5] F. J. Rodrı´guez-Fortun˜o, I. Barber-Sanz, D. Puerto, A. Griol, A. Martı´nez, “Resolving light handedness with an on-chipsilicon microdisk”, ACS Photonics, vol. 1, p. 762 (2014)[6] A. E. Miroshnichenko, A. B. Evlyukhin, Y. S. Kivshar, and B. N. Chichkov, “Substrate-Induced Resonant MagnetoelectricEffects for Dielectric Nanoparticles”, ACS Photonics, vol. 2, p. 1423 (2015)[7] I. Sinev, I. Iorsh, A. Bogdanov, D. Permyakov, F. Komissarenko, I. Mukhin, A. Samusev, V. Valuckas, A. I. Kuznetsov,B. S. Luk’yanchuk, A. E. Miroshnichenko, and Y. S. Kivshar “Polarization control over electric and magnetic dipoleresonances of dielectric nanoparticles on metallic films”, Laser & Photonics Reviews, vol. 10, p. 799 (2016)[8] A. Drezet, A. Hohenau, D. Koller, A. Stepanov, H. Ditlbacher, B. Steinberger, F. R. Aussenegg, A. Leitner, and J. R. Krenn“Leakage radiation microscopy of surface plasmon polaritons”, Materials science and engineering: B, vol. 149, p. 220(2008)ISBN 978-88-941141-2-6 43

Switchable directional excitation surface plasmon polaritons with dielectric nanoantennas

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Switchable directional excitation surface plasmon polaritons with dielectric nanoantennas

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