Lisovska, Tetiana P.

Лісовська, Тетяна Павлівна

Electronic Eastern European National University Institutional Repository

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MEIOTIC MUTANTS TOMATOES WITH DISTURBANCE OF CHROMATIN 
CONDENSATION 
 
Lisovska T.P., Kotsun L.O., Kuzmishyna I.I. 
Lesia Ukrainka Estern European National University, 
Ukraine, 43025, Lutsk, Voli prosp., 13 
Emai address l: tlisovska@ukr.net 
 
Reduction by half of the chromosomes number that occurs during sexual reproduction through meiotic division 
requires coordination of all processes that occurs during meiosis. To date, important for synapsis and equal 
distribution of homologous chromosomes and sister chromatids provide regular chromatin condensation and cohesion 
of sister chromatids. 
In mitosis and meiosis, condensin and cohesin complexes play essential role in maintaining of the structure of 
chromosomes and sister chromatids cohesion. Cohesion of sister chromatids occurs in S-phase and stored in the area 
of the centromere to anaphase during mitosis and to anaphase II during meiosis. Cohesion sister chromatids arms in 
meiosis disappear in anaphase I that facilitate the separation of homologs in places chiasmata, but in the area of the 
centromere, where cohesins protected by protein - shugoshin, remains to anaphase II. In establishing the genetic 
mechanisms of chromatin condensation during meiotic prophase provide a significant contribution to the study of 
meiotic mutations that control the condensation of chromosomes during meiosis. 
In the laboratory of genetics and breeding of Biology Faculty Lesia Ukrainka EENU created a collection of 
meiotic mutants of tomato, which consists of two meiotic mutants with impaired chromatin condensation. Both 
mutants are spontaneous and have different origins: as4 mutant was isolated by sterility in a variety of San Marzano S. 
Soost (Soost, 1951), sti mutant was isolated moldavian scientists (Lisovska et al., 1994). 
Mutations are very similar cytological expression during male meiosis. In homozygous for the mutation as4 
and sti plants, beginning of prophase I of meiosis is no apparent abnormalities. Thus, in late leptotene can see specific 
clusters of chromosomes in the nuclei meiocyte as a "bouquet". In pachytene observed irregularly thickened 
homologous chromosomes. Starting with dyplotene stage, chromosomes are characterized by indistinct contours, 
irregular condensation of chromosomes, weave chromatin between bivalents, non-homologous chromosomes and 
univalents that are difficult to separate. In metaphase I observed chromosomes locations outside the equatorial plane. 
In anaphase I found numerous strands of chromatin between homologous and non-homologous chromosomes, which 
went to the poles and fragmentation of chromosomes. Due to the numerous violations during the first meiotic division 
to second division becomes a small part of the cells. Meiosis II also occurs with disorders such binding chromatin 
bridges and fragmentation of chromosomes. 
As a result of these violations during meiosis, the sporades stage formed mainly dyads, dyads and triads with 
micronuclei. Mutant plants exhibit significant pollen sterility (1-3% fertile pollen) and a sharp decline in the number 
of seeds in the fruit. Thus, mutations are an expression both in microsporogenesis and in megasporogenesis.Mutations 
as4 and sti are recessive monogenic inheritance. According to the results test for alelizm these mutations is nonallelic. 
Our data obtained on a similar phenotypic expression of as4 and sti nonallelic tomato mutations to predict the 
presence of at least two paralogs cohesin with a similar function. Further studies of tomato mutants will detail the 
mechanisms of structural maintenance of chromosomes in plant meiosis. 
 
Soost R. K., Genetics. 1951, 36:410-434. 
Lisovska T. P. et al., Conf. I Nationale. Chisineu. 1994, 37–38. 
 
 
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Fito A. 140 
Fryc B. 60 
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Gawel E. 52 
Gayda G. 54, 70 
Gelinsky M. 126 
Gerashchenko D. 81 
Gnatyshyna L. 113 
Gnatyuk I. 113 
Godovanyi O. 115 
Golovina K. 150 
Gonchar
 
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Gordiienko I. 80 
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P. 18, 39 
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Meiotic mutants tomatoes with disturbance of chromatin  condensation

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Meiotic mutants tomatoes with disturbance of chromatin condensation

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