Deroceras reticulatum is a misanthropic European species spread widely throughout South America. At the moment this species is considered a ‘pest’ in direct sowing such as maize, soybean, sunflower, wheat, alfalfa and clovers, among others. The aim of this paper is to report the first record of D. reticulatum in the Reserva de Usos Multiples Isla Martín García, Buenos Aires province and to provide information about this species distribution in five Argentina provinces.Deroceras reticulatum é uma espécie sinantrópica oriunda da Europa e com grande dispersão na América do Sul. Esta espécie é considerada atualmente praga dos cultivos de semeadura direta de milho, soja, trigo, girassol, alfafa e trevos, entre outros. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo comunicar o primeiro achado do agriolimácido D. reticulatum na Reserva de usos múltiplos Ilha Martín García, província de Buenos Aires e proporcionar informação sobre a distribuição desta espécie em cinco províncias argentinas

César, Inés Irma

Liberto, R.

Martín, Stella Maris

Brazilian Journal of Biology

Deroceras reticulatum is a misanthropic European species spread widely throughout South America. At the moment this species is considered a 'pest' in direct sowing such as maize, soybean, sunflower, wheat, alfalfa and clovers, among others. The aim of this paper is to report the first record of D. reticulatum in the Reserva de Usos Multiples Isla Martín García, Buenos Aires province and to provide information about this species distribution in five Argentina provinces.Deroceras reticulatum é uma espécie sinantrópica oriunda da Europa e com grande dispersão na América do Sul. Esta espécie é considerada atualmente praga dos cultivos de semeadura direta de milho, soja, trigo, girassol, alfafa e trevos, entre outros. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo comunicar o primeiro achado do agriolimácido D. reticulatum na Reserva de usos múltiplos Ilha Martín García, província de Buenos Aires e proporcionar informação sobre a distribuição desta espécie em cinco províncias argentinas

SM. Martín

II. César

R. Liberto

Directory of Open Access Journals

Distribution of Deroceras reticulatum (Müller, 1774) (Pulmonata Stylommatophora) in Argentina with first record of the Reserva de Usos Múltiples Isla Martin Garcia, Río de la Plata superior Distribução de Deroceras reticulatum (Müller, 1774) (Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) na Argentina com primeiro registro na Reserva de Usos Múltiplos Ilha Martín García, Río de la Plata superior

Deroceras reticulatum is a misanthropic European species spread widely throughout South America. At the moment this species is considered a 'pest' in direct sowing such as maize, soybean, sunflower, wheat, alfalfa and clovers, among others. The aim of this paper is to report the first record of D. reticulatum in the Reserva de Usos Multiples Isla Martín García, Buenos Aires province and to provide information about this species distribution in five Argentina provinces.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Martin, Stella Maris

Liberto, Romina

LAReferencia - Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas Latinoamericanas

Distribution of Deroceras reticulatum (Müller, 1774) (Pulmonata Stylommatophora) in Argentina with first record of the Reserva de Usos Múltiples Isla Martin Garcia, Río de la Plata superiorMartín, SMCb*, César, II.” and Liberto, R.’División Zoología Invertebrados. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo de La Plata - UNLP Av. Paseo del Bosque, s/n. CP 1900. La Plata. Buenos Aires. ArgentinabComisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires - CIC. La Plata. Argentina’Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - CONICET. Argentina*e-mail: smartin@fcnym.unlp.edu.arReceived September 25. 2008 - Accepted February 11. 2009 - Distributed November 30. 2009(With 2 figures)AbstractDeroceras reticulatum is a misanthropic European species spread widely throughout South America. At the moment this species is considered a 'pest' in direct sowing such as maize, soybean, sunflower, wheat, alfalfa and clovers, among others. The aim of this paper is to report the first record of D. reticulatum in the Reserva de Usos Multiples Isla Martín García. Buenos Aires province and to provide information about this species distribution in five Argentina provinces.Keywords: Deroceras reticulatum. distribution, pest, exotic species. Argentina.Distribuctio de Deroceras reticulatum (Müller, 1774)(Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) na Argentina com primeiro registro na Reserva de Usos Múltiplos Ilha Martín García, Río de la Plata superiorResumoDeroceras reticulatum é urna especie sinantrópica oriunda da Europa e com grande dispersáo na América do Sul. Esta especie é considerada atualmente praga dos cultivos de semeadura direta de milho, soja, trigo, girassol. alfafa e trevos, entre outros. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo comunicar o primeiro achado do agriolimácido D. reticulatum na Reserva de usos múltiplos Ilha Martín García, provincia de Buenos Aires e proporcionar infoimaqao sobre a distribui- qáo desta especie em cinco provincias argentinas.Palavras-chave: Deroceras reticulatum. distribuiqáo, praga. especie exótica. Argentina.1. IntroductionThe genus Deroceras Rafinesque, 1820 (Agriolimacidae) has been recorded in every continent except Antarctica (Robinson. 1999). Two species of the genus. Deroceras laeve (Muller, 1774) and Deroceras reticulatum (Muller, 1774), were accidentally introduced into South America. D. reticulatum is a sinantropic European species (Wiktor, 2000; Borredá, 2003) wide­ly spread throughout this subcontinent (Hylton-Scott, 1963; Fernández. 1973; Hausdorf. 2002; Scarabino, 2003; Vera-Ardilla and Linares. 2005; Valdovinos et al.. 2005; Campos and Calvo. 2006). Deroceras laeve and D. reticulatum have been identified as inteimediate hosts of nematode parasites Angiostrongylus costaricensis and A. cantonensis. which involve several species of wild rodents as definitive natural hosts and humans as acci­dental hosts (Maurer et al.. 2002; Maurer et al.. 2002). Angiostrongylus costaricensis is responsible for ab­dominal disease angiostrongylosis (A.A.) (Morera and Cespedes. 1971). This disease was first reported in the Americas in Honduras in 1972 and. towards the end of 1990, its range extended from the United States of America to the north of Argentina (Morera and Amador.Braz. J. Biol., 69(4): 1115-1119, 2009 1115Martín. SM.. César. II. and Liberto. R.1998). Rambo et al. (1997) and Maurer et al. (2002) re­ported cases of abdominal angiostrongylosis in south­ern Brazil (Santa Catarina). Several records of this dis­ease were reported from Brazilian localities along the Uruguay river basin, which borders with the Argentinean province of Comentes, though all the cases correspond to transmitter gastropods from the Veronicellidae family (Rea and Borda, 2001; 2002; Fleitas et al.. 2005). The nematode A. cantonensis causes eosinophilic menin­goencephalitis in humans and the first reported case in the Western Hemisphere was in Cuba (Aguiar et al.. 1981). Nowadays the disease has expanded to other tropical and subtropical countlies of America (Dorta Confieras, 2007).These introduced mollusks are also responsible for economic damage to agriculture and are disseminated inadvertently by seeds, harvest, fruits and farm ma­chinery. Hausdorf (2002) considers the species from the Agriolimacidae family a "pest" to commercial field crops. The aim of this paper is to report the first record of D. reticulatum in the Reserva de Usos Multiples Isla Martín Garcia, province of Buenos Aires and to pro­vide information on the distribution of this species in Argentina.2. Materials and Methods2.1. Sampling siteMartín Garcia Island is located in the Upper Rio de la Plata, south of the mouth of the Uruguay river (34° 11' 25" S and 58° 15' 38 W). This island is an out­crop of the crystalline basement, unconfoimably overlain by Pleistocene and Holocene sediments (Ravizza, 1984). The particular geographical location of this multiple-use Nature Reserve and the possibility of exploitation for touristic puiposes make the island an important study object.2.2. MaterialSampling was conducted in August of 2006 and in December of 2007. Fourteen specimens were collected under rocks, four were captured along the quarry side of Cantera Grande, a pond near the island harbour (MLP N°12536) and ten were collected in the surrounding gar­dens (MLP N° 12821).The geographical distribution of D. reticulatum in Argentina was based on the author's collections which were deposited in La Plata Museum of Natural Science (MLP), from the MLP Molluscan Collection and litera­ture references.The specimens were relaxed in the laboratory with menthol and then fixed in Camoy. Total length of speci­mens was measured from the cephalic region to the poste­rior region of the body using a Vernier caliper (0.02 mm). Dissections were done under binocular stereomicroscope PZO at 10 x using the Wiktor (2000) technique.3. Results3.1. Description of D. reticulatum (Figure 1ITerrestrial gastropod with an internal shell. General body coloration is whitish gray. The pneumostom, with whitish border, is at the mantle anterior section. In the ventral region of the body, the whitish foot is observed. Mucus is aqueous and clear. The dorsal surface of the mantle presents protuberances giving the surface a wrin­kled appearance. The penis sack is conspicuously devel­oped in the anterior body region (Total length: 3 mm). The intestinal caecum: (Total length:1.25 mm).Total length of examined specimens ranged from 20 to 60 mm. According to Vera-Ardilla and Linares (2005), juvenile specimens are 16 to 17 mm and adults are 35 to 40 mm in size.3.2. List of localities in Argentina (Figure 2I• San Carlos (33° 46' S and 69° 02' W) and Quebrada de la Pica. Mendoza. Doering (1875).• Sierras de Córdoba. Argentina. Doering (1875).• Cantera Grande and surrounding gardens (34° 11'25" S and 58° 15'38 W). Reserva de Usos Múltiples Isla Mallín García. Buenos Afres. MLP N° 12536 and 12821.• Balcarce (37° 49' 60"S and 58° 15' W). Buenos Afres. (Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria) INTA.• Sauce Corto (38° 8' 60" S and 61° 47' 60" W). Sierra de la Ventana. Buenos Afres. MLP N° 34183.• Coronel Gómez (39° 1'60" S and 67° 39' W). Río Negro. Hylton Scott (1963).• Isla Victoria. Lago Nahuel Huapi (40° 50' S and 71° 39'W) MLP N° 34182.• El Bolsón (41° 58' S and 71° 31' W). Río Negro MLP 12932 and 12935.• Arroyo Aguanda, Rio Negro. Doering (1875).• Potrero Cenado, banks of Río Negro. Doering (1875).• Río Turbio (51° 31' 60" S and 72° 17' 60" W). Santa Cruz MLP 12933°.• Lago Morales. Santa Cruz, Hylton Scott (1963).• Cancha Carrera (51°15‘ S and 72° 13' 60" W). Santa Cruz MLP 12934.I______________ II cm Figure 1. Deroceras reticulatun MLP 12821.1116 Braz. J. Biol., 69(4): 1115-1119, 2009Distribution of Deroceras reticulatum...Figure 2. Distribution of Deroceras reticulatum in Argentina. 1) San Carlos and Quebrada de La Pica. Mendoza; 2) Sierras de Córdoba; 3) Cantera Grande and sourrounding gardens; 4) Balcarce; 5) Sauce Corto; 6) Coronel Gómez. 7) Isla Victoria; 8) El Bolsón; 9) Potrero Cerrado and Arroyo Aguanda; 10) Cancha Carrera; 11) Río Turbio; 12) Lago Morales.4. Discussion and ConclusionThe presence of D. reticulatum in Argentina dates back to 1875. It has been widely distributed throughout the national territory for 133 years. A slow increase in the number of this species and other slugs was observed in direct sowing plots of Cordoba and Santa Fe provinces and to the southeast of Buenos Akes province. In gen­eral. slugs damage several crops such as maize, soybean, sunflower, wheat, alfalfa and clover in the early vegeta­tive stages (Aragon. 1997; Clemente. 2003). Direct sow­ing is a management practice which has spread through­out the main agricultural areas of Argentina due to its multiple benefits and advantages compared with other cropping systems. This method is widely used because the presence of plant residues and soil stability change the physico-chemical characteristics of the soil and of several biological parameters that favour the presence of D. reticulatum and other species of slugs and insects. Direct sowing modifies the population dynamics of pests and then natural enemies, selecting populations of or­ganisms that adapt themselves to the new management conditions (Aragón. 1997). According to Hammond (1998), stubble causes an increase in moisture retention in soil and a decrease in the soil temperature, giving ap­propriate conditions for the development of gastropod populations. Among these gastropods. D. reticulatum is considered the most damaging species.In recent years, the presence of other invading pulmo- nates has been reported in diverse geographical points of South America, as is the case of two slugs of European origin. Arion intermedins Normand. 1852 and Tandonia sowerbyi (Ferussac, 1823) in Chile (Cádiz and Gallardo. 2008), which are considered nowadays to be agricultural plagues.Another case is that of Achatina fúlica Bowdich, 1822, which is a terrestrial-invading gastropod, native to Añica and a potential rival of native mollusks, an agri­cultural pest and intermediary host of A. cantonenesis. which causes eosinophilic meningoencephalitis, a disease that has already been registered in human populations in Brazil (Colley. 2008; Lima-Caldeira et al.. 2008).While no records of D. reticulatum are currently avail­able for Isla Martín Garcia, it is likely that the species in­troduction dates back to the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth concomitant to the set­tlement of the stable population (Kropfl, 2006). Since then, this process has continued due to the arrival of vegetables for both the stable and tourist population consumption.To date, no studies have been carried out on the impact caused by D. reticulatum on the native flora of the Reserve, where different biological types occur: herbs, bushes, flees, climbing plants, fems and lianas (Lahitte et al.. 1996).As mentioned above, species of Agrio limacidae such as D. reticulatum and D. laeve are intermediate hosts of the nematodes A. costaricensis and A. cantonensis which have Sigmodontinae rodents as definitive hosts, and hu­mans. particularly infants, as accidental hosts. To date, no helminthological prospection has been performed on slugs from the Reserva Isla Martín García. Future research should be done on this subject since, simul­taneously. the presence of a sigmodontine species has been detected. Oligoryzomys deificóla (Thomas. 1917) (Udrizar-Sauthier et al.. 2005), which would enter the life cycle of these parasites. From this, it could be in­ferred that if these slugs were infected, both the adult and infant population would be at risk of infection, given that the spread of these gastropods around the scarce 185 ha of the island is highly feasible.Acknowledgements — Financial support for this work was provided by an institutional grant from Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC). The authors wish to thank the staff members of the Prefectura Naval Argentina Isla Martín García and Mr. José Braz. J. Biol., 69(4): 1115-1119, 2009 1117Martín, SM., César, II. and Liberto, R.D. Maciel. Martín, S.M. and César, I.I.: Investigador CIC. and Liberto, R., Becaria CONICET.ReferencesAGUIAR, PH., MORERA, p. and PASCUAL, L, 1981. First record of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in Cuba. American Journal Tropical Medicine Hyg, vol. 30, no. 5, p. 963-965.ARAGON, L, 1997. Manejo integrado de plagas relacionadas a la siembra directa. In PANIGATTI, L., MARELLI, H., BUSCHIAZZO, D. and GIL, R. (Eds.). Siembra Directa INTA. INTA. 114 p. Resúmenes del seminario SD.BORREDA, V., 2003. Deroceras roblesi n.sp. un nuevo agriolimácido (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Pulmonata) del este de la Península Ibérica. Boletín Revista Sociedad Española de Historia Natural, vol. 98, no. 1/4, p. 77-83.CÁDIZ, FL and GALLARDO, CS., 2008. Nuevos moluscos pulmonados invasores en Chile. In Resúmenes del 7 Congreso Latinoamericano de Malacología. Valdivia: Universidad Austral de Chile, p. 51.CAMPOS, J. and CALVO, A., 2006. Moluscos introducidos en Uruguay. Comunicaciones de la Sociedad Malacológica del Uruguay, vol. 9, no. 89, p. 75-78.CLEMENTE, N., 2003. Bioecología y bases para el manejo de babosas (Gasteropoda: Agriolimacidae) en el cultivo de girasol en siembra directa. INTA. Resumen Proyectos Tesis. Available from: <www.inta.gov.ar>.COLLEY, E., 2008. Caramujo-gigante-africano Achatina fúlica Bowdich, 1822: panorama atual do gastrópode terrestre invasor no Brasil. In Resúmenes del 7 Congreso Latinoamericano de Malacología. Valdivia: Universidad Austral de Chile, p. 32.DORTA-CONTRERAS, CAL, 2007. Aporte de Cuba al estudio de Angiostrongylus cantonenesis. Acimed, vol. 16, no. 4, p. 1-9.DOERING, AD., 1875. Apuntes sobre la fauna de Moluscos de la República Argentina. Boletín de La Academia de Ciencias de Córdoba, p. 219-259. (parte 2).FERNANDEZ, D., 1973. Catálogo de la Malacofauna terrestre Argentina. Buenos Aires: Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas, p. 1-196. (Monografía no. 4)FLEITAS, AL, REA, MJF and BORDA, CE., 2005. Búsqueda e identificación de especies de moluscos transmisores de la zoonosis ocasionada por Angiostrongylus costaricensis. Centro Nacional de Parasitología y Enfermedades Tropicales (CENPETROP), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste - UNNE. 3 p. Resume Ml-139.HAMMOND, RB., 1998. Slugs problems in no-till field crops. In Atas do 6 Congresso Nacional AAPRESID. Argentina: AAPRESID.p. 181-186.HAUSDORF, B., 2002. Introduced land snails and slugs in Colombia. Journal Molluscan Studies, vol. 68, no. 2, p. 127-131.HYLTON-SCOTT, ML, 1963. Moluscos terrestres y de agua dulce de la Patagonia. In DEBOUTEVILLE, CD. and RAPPORT, E. (Eds.). Biologie de L’Amérique Australe. Paris: Cent. Nat. Rec. Scient. p. 385-398. (vol. 2) KROPFL, PE, 2006. Misteriosa Martín García: la cenicienta del Plata. Buenos Aires: Editorial Dunken. 250 p.LAHITTE, HB., HURRELL, JA., MEHLTRETER, K., BELGRANO, ML, JANKOWSKI, LS., HALOUA, MP, and CANDA, G., 1996. Plantas de la costa: las plantas nativas y naturalizadas más comunes de las costas del Delta del Paraná, Isla Martín García y Ribera Platense. Buenos Aires: LOLA. 200 p.LIMA-CALDEIRA, R., MENDOZA, CLGE, GOVEIA- OLIVEIRA, C., GRAEFF-TEIXEIRA, C., LIMA, WS. and CARVALHO, OS., 2008. Resúmenes del 7 Congreso Latinoamericano de Malacología. Valdivia: Universidad Austral de Chile, p. 171-172.MAURER, RL., GRAEFF-TEIXEIRA, C., THOMÉ, JW., CHIARADIA, LA., SUGAYA, H. and YOSHIMURA, K., 2002. Natural infection of Deroceras laeve (Mollusca: Gastropoda) with metastrongylid larvae in a transmission focus of abdominal angiostrongyliasis. Revista Instituto Medicina Tropical Sao Paulo, vol. 44, no. 1, p. 53-54.MORERA, P. and CÉSPEDES, R., 1971. Angiostrongylodiasis abdominal. Una nueva parasitosis humana. Acta Médica Costarica, vol. 14, no. 3, p. 159-173.MORERA, p. and AMADOR, J., 1998. Prevalencia de la angiostrongilosis abdominal y la distribución estacional de la precipitación. Revista Costarriquense de Salud Pública, vol. 7, no. 13, p. 1-13.MULLER, OF., 1774. Vermium terrestrium et fluviatilum seu animalium infusorium, helminthicorum et testaceorum non marinorum succincta historia. Havniae & Lipsiae. p. 135. (vol. 2, no. 1)RAMBO, PR., AGOSTINI, AA. and GRAEFF-TEIXEIRA, C., 1997. Abdominal Angiostrongylosis in Southern Brazil- Prevalence and parasitic burden in Mollusc intermediate host from eighteen endemic foci. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, vol. 92, no. 1, p. 9-14.RAVIZZA, GB., 1984. Principales aspectos geológicos del Cuaternario en la Isla Martín García, Río de la Plata superior. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, vol. 39, no. 1/2, p. 125-130.REA, MJF. and BORDA, CE., 2001. Primeros hallazgos en la Argentina de moluscos potencialmente transmisores de Angiostrongylus costaricensis. In XVIII Reunión de la Sociedad Argentina de Protozoología y Enfermedades Parasitarias. Salta, Argentina.REA, MJF. and BORDA, CE., 2002. Identificación de moluscos potencialmente transmisores de Angiostrongylosis abdominal en el Nordeste de Argentina. Corrientes, Argentina: Centro Nacional de Parasitología y Enfermedades Tropicales (CENPETROP), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste - UNNE. Resumen M-139ROBINSON, DG., 1999. Alien invasions: the effects of the global economy on non-marine gastropod introductions into the United States. Malacología, vol. 41, p. 413-438.SC ARABINO, E, 2003. Lista sistemática de los Gastropoda Terrestres vivientes de Uruguay. Comunicaciones Sociedad Malacología Uruguay, vol. 8, no. 78/79, p. 303-214.UDRIZAR-SAUTHIER, DE., ABBA, AM., PAGANO, LG. and PARDINAS, UFJ., 2005. Ingreso de micromamiferos brasilicos 1118 Braz. J. Biol., 69(4): 1115-1119, 2009Distribution of Deroceras reticulatum...en la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Mastozoología Neotropical, vol. 12, no. 1, p. 91-95.VALDOVINOS, C., OLMOS, V. and MOYA, C., 2005. Moluscos terrestres y dulceacuícolas de la Cordillera de la Costa. In SMITH-RAMÍREZ, C., ARMESTO, L and VALDOVINOS, C. (Eds.). Historia, biodiversidad y ecología de los bosques Costeros de Chile. Santiango: Ed. Universitaria, p. 292-306.VERA-ARDILLA, ML. and LINARES, EL., 2005. Gastrópodos de la región Subxerofítica de la Herrera, Mosquera, Cundinamarca, Colombia. Revista Academia Colombiana de Ciencias, vol. 29, no. 112, p. 439-456.WIKTOR, A., 2000. Agriolomacidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata). A systematic monograph. Annales Zoologici, vol. 49, no. 3, p. 347-590.Braz. J. Biol., 69(4): 1115-1119, 2009 1119

English

Distribução de Deroceras reticulatum (Müller, 1774) (Pulmonata, stylommatophora) na Argentina com primeiro registro na Reserva de Usos Múltiplos Ilha Martín García, Río de la Plata superior

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Centro de Servicios en Gestión de Información

1115Braz. J. Biol., 69(4): 1115-1119, 2009Distribution of Deroceras reticulatum (Müller, 1774)  (Pulmonata Stylommatophora) in Argentina with  first record of the Reserva de Usos Múltiples  Isla Martin Garcia, Río de la Plata superiorMartín, SM.a,b*, César, II.a,b and Liberto, R.a,c aDivisión Zoología Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo de La Plata – UNLP Av. Paseo del Bosque, s/n, CP 1900, La Plata, Buenos Aires, ArgentinabComisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires – CIC, La Plata, ArgentinacConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas – CONICET, Argentina*e-mail: smartin@fcnym.unlp.edu.arReceived September 25, 2008 – Accepted February 11, 2009 – Distributed November 30, 2009(With 2 figures)AbstractDeroceras reticulatum is a misanthropic European species spread widely throughout South America. At the moment this species is considered a ‘pest’ in direct sowing such as maize, soybean, sunflower, wheat, alfalfa and clovers, among others. The aim of this paper is to report the first record of D. reticulatum in the Reserva de Usos Multiples Isla Martín García, Buenos Aires province and to provide information about this species distribution in five Argentina provinces.Keywords: Deroceras reticulatum, distribution, pest, exotic species, Argentina.Distribução de Deroceras reticulatum (Müller, 1774)  (Pulmonata, Stylommatophora) na Argentina com primeiro registro na  Reserva de Usos Múltiplos Ilha Martín García, Río de la Plata superiorResumoDeroceras reticulatum é uma espécie sinantrópica oriunda da Europa e com grande dispersão na América do Sul. Esta espécie é considerada atualmente praga dos cultivos de semeadura direta de milho, soja, trigo, girassol, alfafa e trevos, entre outros. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo comunicar o primeiro achado do agriolimácido D. reticulatum na Reserva de usos múltiplos Ilha Martín García, província de Buenos Aires e proporcionar informação sobre a distribui-ção desta espécie em cinco províncias argentinas. Palavras-chave: Deroceras reticulatum, distribuição, praga, espécie exótica, Argentina.1. IntroductionThe genus Deroceras Rafinesque, 1820 (Agriolimacidae) has been recorded in every continent except Antarctica (Robinson, 1999). Two species of the genus, Deroceras laeve (Müller, 1774) and Deroceras reticulatum (Müller, 1774), were accidentally introduced into South America. D. reticulatum is a sinantropic European species (Wiktor, 2000; Borredá, 2003) wide-ly spread throughout this subcontinent (Hylton-Scott, 1963; Fernández, 1973; Hausdorf, 2002; Scarabino, 2003; Vera-Ardilla and Linares, 2005; Valdovinos et al., 2005; Campos and Calvo, 2006). Deroceras laeve and D. reticulatum have been identified as intermediate hosts of nematode parasites Angiostrongylus  costaricensis and A. cantonensis, which involve several species of wild rodents as definitive natural hosts and humans as acci-dental hosts (Maurer et al., 2002; Maurer et al., 2002). Angiostrongylus costaricensis is responsible for ab-dominal disease angiostrongylosis (A.A.) (Morera and Céspedes, 1971). This disease was first reported in the Americas in Honduras in 1972 and, towards the end of 1990, its range extended from the United States of America to the north of Argentina (Morera and Amador, Martín, SM., César, II. and Liberto, R.1116 Braz. J. Biol., 69(4): 1115-1119, 20093. Results3.1. Description of D. reticulatum (Figure 1)Terrestrial gastropod with an internal shell. General body coloration is whitish gray. The pneumostom, with whitish border, is at the mantle anterior section. In the ventral region of the body, the whitish foot is observed. Mucus is aqueous and clear. The dorsal surface of the mantle presents protuberances giving the surface a wrin-kled appearance. The penis sack is conspicuously devel-oped in the anterior body region (Total length: 3 mm).The intestinal caecum: (Total length:1.25 mm).Total length of examined specimens ranged from 20 to 60 mm. According to Vera-Ardilla and Linares (2005), juvenile specimens are 16 to 17 mm and adults are 35 to 40 mm in size.3.2. List of localities in Argentina (Figure 2)•	 San	Carlos	(33°	46’	S	and	69°	02’	W)	and	Quebrada	de la Pica, Mendoza, Doering (1875).•	 Sierras	de	Córdoba,	Argentina,	Doering	(1875).•	 Cantera	 Grande	 and	 surrounding	 gardens	(34°	11’	25”	S	and	58°	15’	38	W),	Reserva	de	Usos	Múltiples Isla Martín García, Buenos Aires, MLP Nº 12536 and 12821.•	 Balcarce	(37°	49’	60’’S	and	58°	15’	W),	Buenos	Aires. (Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria) INTA.•	 Sauce	Corto	 (38°	8’	60’’	S	and	61°	47’	60’’	W),	Sierra de la Ventana, Buenos Aires, MLP Nº 34183.•	 Coronel	Gómez	(39°	1’	60’’	S	and	67°	39’	W),	Río	Negro, Hylton Scott (1963). •	 Isla	Victoria,	Lago	Nahuel	Huapi	(40°	50’	S	and	71°	39’	W)	MLP	Nº	34182.	•	 El	Bolsón	(41°	58’	S	and	71°	31’	W),	Río	Negro	MLP 12932 and 12935.•	 Arroyo	Aguanda,	Rio	Negro,	Doering	(1875).•	 Potrero	 Cerrado,	 banks	 of	 Río	 Negro,	 Doering	(1875). •	 Río	Turbio	 (51°	31’	60’’	S	 and	72°	17’	60’’	W),	Santa Cruz MLP 12933º. •	 Lago	Morales,	Santa	Cruz,	Hylton	Scott	(1963).•	 Cancha	 Carrera	 (51°15’	 S	 and	 72°	 13’	 60’’	W),	Santa Cruz MLP 12934.1998). Rambo et al. (1997) and Maurer et al. (2002) re-ported cases of abdominal angiostrongylosis in south-ern Brazil (Santa Catarina). Several records of this dis-ease were reported from Brazilian localities along the Uruguay river basin, which borders with the Argentinean province of Corrientes, though all the cases correspond to transmitter gastropods from the Veronicellidae family (Rea and Borda, 2001; 2002; Fleitas et al., 2005). The nematode A. cantonensis causes eosinophilic menin-goencephalitis in humans and the first reported case in the Western Hemisphere was in Cuba (Aguiar et al., 1981). Nowadays the disease has expanded to other tropical and subtropical countries of America (Dorta Contreras, 2007).These introduced mollusks are also responsible for economic damage to agriculture and are disseminated inadvertently by seeds, harvest, fruits and farm ma-chinery. Hausdorf (2002) considers the species from the	Agriolimacidae	family	a	“pest”	to	commercial	field	crops. The aim of this paper is to report the first record of D.  reticulatum in the Reserva de Usos Multiples Isla Martín García, province of Buenos Aires and to pro-vide information on the distribution of this species in Argentina.2. Materials and Methods 2.1. Sampling siteMartín García Island is located in the Upper Rio de la Plata, south of the mouth of the Uruguay river (34°	11’	25”	S	and	58°	15’	38	W).	This	island	is	an	out-crop of the crystalline basement, unconformably overlain by Pleistocene and Holocene sediments (Ravizza, 1984). The particular geographical location of this multiple-use Nature Reserve and the possibility of exploitation for touristic purposes make the island an important study object.2.2. MaterialSampling was conducted in August of 2006 and in December of 2007. Fourteen specimens were collected under rocks, four were captured along the quarry side of Cantera Grande, a pond near the island harbour (MLP Nº12536) and ten were collected in the surrounding gar-dens (MLP Nº 12821).The geographical distribution of D. reticulatum in Argentina was based on the author’s collections which were deposited in La Plata Museum of Natural Science (MLP), from the MLP Molluscan Collection and litera-ture references.The specimens were relaxed in the laboratory with menthol and then fixed in Carnoy. Total length of speci-mens was measured from the cephalic region to the poste-rior region of the body using a Vernier caliper (0.02 mm). Dissections were done under binocular stereomicroscope PZO at 10 × using the Wiktor (2000) technique. 1 cmFigure 1. Deroceras reticulatun MLP 12821.Distribution of Deroceras reticulatum...1117Braz. J. Biol., 69(4): 1115-1119, 2009several biological parameters that favour the presence of D. reticulatum and other species of slugs and insects. Direct sowing modifies the population dynamics of pests and their natural enemies, selecting populations of or-ganisms that adapt themselves to the new management conditions (Aragón, 1997). According to Hammond (1998), stubble causes an increase in moisture retention in soil and a decrease in the soil temperature, giving ap-propriate conditions for the development of gastropod populations. Among these gastropods, D. reticulatum is considered the most damaging species.In recent years, the presence of other invading pulmo-nates has been reported in diverse geographical points of South America, as is the case of two slugs of European origin, Arion intermedius Normand, 1852 and Tandonia  sowerbyi (Férussac, 1823) in Chile (Cádiz and Gallardo, 2008), which are considered nowadays to be agricultural plagues.Another case is that of Achatina fulica Bowdich, 1822, which is a terrestrial-invading gastropod, native to Africa and a potential rival of native mollusks, an agri-cultural pest and intermediary host of A.  cantonenesis, which causes eosinophilic meningoencephalitis, a disease that has already been registered in human populations in Brazil (Colley, 2008; Lima-Caldeira et al., 2008).While no records of D. reticulatum are currently avail-able for Isla Martín García, it is likely that the species in-troduction dates back to the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth concomitant to the set-tlement of the stable population (Kropfl, 2006). Since then, this process has continued due to the arrival of vegetables for both the stable and tourist population consumption.To date, no studies have been carried out on the impact caused by D. reticulatum on the native flora of the Reserve, where different biological types occur: herbs, bushes, trees, climbing plants, ferns and lianas (Lahitte et al., 1996).As mentioned above, species of Agriolimacidae such as D. reticulatum and D. laeve are intermediate hosts of the nematodes A. costaricensis and A. cantonensis which have Sigmodontinae rodents as definitive hosts, and hu-mans, particularly infants, as accidental hosts. To date, no helminthological prospection has been performed on slugs from the Reserva Isla Martín García. Future research should be done on this subject since, simul-taneously, the presence of a sigmodontine species has been detected, Oligoryzomys delticola (Thomas, 1917) (Udrizar-Sauthier et al., 2005), which would enter the life cycle of these parasites. From this, it could be in-ferred that if these slugs were infected, both the adult and infant population would be at risk of infection, given that the spread of these gastropods around the scarce 185 ha of the island is highly feasible. Acknowledgements — Financial support for this work was provided by an institutional grant from Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC). The authors wish to thank the staff members of the Prefectura Naval Argentina Isla Martín García and Mr. José 4. Discussion and ConclusionThe presence of D. reticulatum in Argentina dates back to 1875. It has been widely distributed throughout the national territory for 133 years. A slow increase in the number of this species and other slugs was observed in direct sowing plots of Cordoba and Santa Fe provinces and to the southeast of Buenos Aires province. In gen-eral, slugs damage several crops such as maize, soybean, sunflower, wheat, alfalfa and clover in the early vegeta-tive stages (Aragón, 1997; Clemente, 2003). Direct sow-ing is a management practice which has spread through-out the main agricultural areas of Argentina due to its multiple benefits and advantages compared with other cropping systems. This method is widely used because the presence of plant residues and soil stability change the physico-chemical characteristics of the soil and of Figure 2. Distribution of Deroceras reticulatum in 	Argentina.	1)	San	Carlos	and	Quebrada	de	La	Pica,		Mendoza;	2)   Sierras de Córdoba; 3) Cantera Grande and sourrounding gardens; 4) Balcarce; 5) Sauce Corto; 6) Coronel Gómez, 7) Isla  Victoria; 8) El Bolsón; 9) Potrero Cerrado and Arroyo Aguanda; 10) Cancha Carrera; 11) Río Turbio; 12) Lago Morales.Martín, SM., César, II. and Liberto, R.1118 Braz. J. Biol., 69(4): 1115-1119, 2009KRÖPFL, PF., 2006. 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Distribution of Deroceras reticulatum (Müller, 1774) (Pulmonata Stylommatophora) in Argentina with first record of the Reserva de Usos Múltiples Isla Martin Garcia, Río de la Plata superior

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Distribution of Deroceras reticulatum (Müller, 1774) (Pulmonata Stylommatophora) in Argentina with first record of the Reserva de Usos Múltiples Isla Martin Garcia, Río de la Plata superior

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