DETERMINATION OF BIOMARKERS IN BREATH AND SALIVA FOR MONITORING HEART FAILURE PATIENTS

Abstract

Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome caused by a wide range of cardiovascular disorders, such as structural or functional abnormalities of the heart. The clinical status of a HF patient can be evaluated by detecting specific biomarkers of pathogenic biological processes. Beside conventional clinical investigations, breath and saliva analysis have been recognized as one of the most effective, easy, painless and non-invasive ways of identifying physiological and pathophysiological conditions. This study was focused on the development and validation of analytical methods based on GC-MS/MS, HPLC-MS/MS, spectrophotometric and immunochemical techniques to determine specific breath and saliva biomarkers. Brain natriuretic peptides, 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α, uric acid, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-10, aldosterone, α-amylase, lactate and cortisol in saliva samples, and acetone and isoprene in breath samples were determined. Special attention was paid to the optimization of the sampling procedures and sample handling