Platinum-Coated Palladium
Nanotubes as Oxygen Reduction
Reaction Electrocatalysts
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Abstract
Platinum (Pt) coated palladium (Pd) nanotubes (Pt/PdNTs)
with a
wall thickness of 6 nm, outer diameter of 60 nm, and length of 5–20
μm are synthesized via the partial galvanic displacement of
Pd nanotubes. Pt coatings are controlled to a loading of 9 (PtPd 9),
14 (PtPd 14), and 18 (PtPd 18) wt % and estimated to have a thickness
of 1.1, 1.7, and 2.2 Pt atoms, respectively, if a uniform and continuous
coating is assumed. Oxygen reduction experiments have been used to
evaluate Pt/PdNTs, Pt nanotubes, Pd nanotubes, and supported Pt nanoparticle
activity for proton exchange membrane fuel cell cathodes. The dollar
and area (specific surface area) normalized ORR activities of Pt/PdNTs
exceed the United States Department of Energy (DOE) targets. PtPd
9, PtPd 14, and PtPd 18 produce dollar activities of 10.4, 9.4, and
8.7 A<sup>–1</sup>,respectively;PtPd9exceedstheDOEdollaractivitytarget(9.7A<sup>–1</sup>) by 7%. Pt/PdNTs further
exceed the DOE area activity target by 40–43%