Identification and Quantification
of Phytochemical
Composition and Anti-inflammatory and Radical Scavenging Properties
of Methanolic Extracts of Chinese Propolis
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Abstract
Fifteen propolis samples collected from different regions
of China
were investigated and compared for their phytochemical composition
and anti-inflammatory and radical scavenging properties. Eleven compounds
including caffeic, <i>p</i>-coumaric, ferulic, isoferulic,
and 3,4-dimethylcaffeic acids, pinobanksin, chrysin, pinocembrin,
galangin, pinobanksin 3-acetate, and caffeic acid phenylethyl ester
were quantified for the 15 propolis samples using a UHPLC method,
whereas 38 compounds were identified by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS. The 15 propolis
samples significantly differed in their total phenolic and total flavonoid
contents, as well as their phytochemical profiles. The methanol extracts
of propolis also showed significant anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-stimulated
RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells at 10 μg propolis extract/mL
concentration. Additionally, the propolis samples differed in their
DPPH, ABTS cation, hydroxyl, and peroxide radical scavenging capacities
and ferric reducing abilities. The results from this study may be
used to improve the commercial production and consumption of Chinese
propolis products