SAPK: A Novel Composite Resin for Water Treatment with Very High Zn²⁺, Cd²⁺, and Pb²⁺ Adsorption Capacity

Abstract

A new sulfonated aniline-modified poly­(vinyl alcohol)/K-feldspar (SAPK) composite was prepared. The cation-exchange capacity of the composite was found to be 5 times that of neat feldspar. The specific surface area and point of zero charge also changed significantly upon modification, from 15.6 ± 0.1 m²/g and 2.20 (K-feldspar) to 73.6 ± 0.3 m²/g and 1.91 (SAPK). Zn²⁺, Cd²⁺, and Pb²⁺ adsorption was found to be largely independent of pH, and the metal adsorption rate on SAPK was higher than that on neat feldspar. This particularly applies to the initial adsorption rates. The adsorption process involves both film and pore diffusion; film diffusion initially controls the adsorption. The Freundlich and Langmuir models were found to fit metal-ion adsorption on SAPK most accurately. Adsorption on neat feldspar was best fitted with a Langmuir model, indicating the formation of adsorbate monolayers. Both pure feldspar and SAPK showed better selectivity for Pb²⁺ than for Cd²⁺ or Zn²⁺