<p>CFSE-labelled autologous T lymphocytes from the same patient before NTZ treatment (baseline), at 48 hours, and at 3 months of NTZ therapy were cocultured with PPD-treated pDCs at a pDC∶PBMC ratio of 1∶10. After 6 days, lymphocytes were harvested, and the percentages of proliferating T cells (CFSElow) were calculated. In vitro, NTZ induced reduced CD4+ T-lymphocyte proliferation in PPD-specific responses in 4 individual NTZ-MS patients. The proliferative responses were weaker when we used pDCs from the same patients after 48 hours and 3 months of treatment with respect to baseline, suggesting an ongoing progressive functional impairment.</p
