Effect of lactobacilli peptidoglycans on TNF-α and IL-10 production after <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> infection in malnourished mice.

Abstract

<p>Immunocompromised-malnourished mice were replete for 7 days with a balanced conventional diet (BCD) or BCD supplemented with peptidoglycans from <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> CRL1505 (BCD+PG05), <i>L</i>. <i>plantarum</i> CRL1506 (BCD+PG06) or <i>L</i>. <i>rhamnosus</i> CRL534 (BCD+PG534), and then challenged with <i>S</i>. <i>pneumoniae</i>. The levels of cytokines were studied two days after the pneumococcal challenge. (A) TNF-α, (B) IL-10, and (C) TNF-α/IL-10 ratio in broncho-alveolar lavages (BAL). (D) TNF-α, (E) IL-10, and (F) TNF-α/IL-10 ratio in serum. Results are expressed as mean ± SD. Asterisks represent statistical differences compared with BCD+PG05 group. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.005, ***/**** p ≤ 0.001.</p