Introduction and objectives: Communicative disorders are responsible for the most disabilities in the united states an also the audio logic abnormalities are the most common causes of pediatric communication and functions, which resulted in communicative and learning disorders, educational weakness and great socio-economic problems. It is estimated that the incidence of hearing loss in pediatric population is 2-4% and otitis media which is the second infectious cause after the ordinary cold, is the most common causes of hearing loss in children.
Hearing loss is divided into two main groups:
Transient hearing loss and sensor neural hearing loss.
The incidence of transient hearing loss is more common than the sensor neural one, but in many cases, the causes of transient hearing loss can be identified and treated. So, timely and appropriate management is critical for preventing the great causes of hearing loss.
This study has been performed in order to examine the amount of hearing loss incidence in young children and also investigating the most common causes of hearing loss in this population.
Materials and methods: The study is a cross-sectional one which is performed upon the young children (grades 1 to 5) of Ardabil province during the academic years of 82-83, which 1999 students of 1 to 5 grades from both genders (male, female) were randomly underwent autoscopic examinations and also diapasone testes were performed upon them. 654 cases were referred to the audiometrics and tempanometrics centers in order to filling the questionnaires and further examinations and at last the achieving results related to 483 students suffering from hearing loss was analyzed through statistics and SPSS software.
Findings and suggestions: In the study, the hearing disorders of male students was more than female ones and the most common causes of hearing loss in both sex and all 5 grades was cerumen. (50.89%) and the second cause was otitis media with effusion (34.06%).
The availability of cerumen increased with age increase and visersa. But the availability of otitis media with effusion decreased by age increase and also the availability of chronic otitis media increased by age increase. Sensorineural hearing loss has lower availability (1.82%). Hearing loss disorders in low socioeconomic households is high (44.10%).
There was also a meaningful relation between hearing loss disorders and positive family history and educational weakness.
Hearing loss disorders are high during the cold seasons (73.90%) And finally the most causes of hearing loss can be prevented and treated
