We present a general, model-independent formalism for determining bounds on
the production of photons in dwarf spheroidal galaxies via dark matter
annihilation, applicable to any set of assumptions about dark matter particle
physics or astrophysics. As an illustration, we analyze gamma-ray data from the
Fermi Large Area Telescope to constrain a variety of nonstandard dark matter
models, several of which have not previously been studied in the context of
dwarf galaxy searches.Comment: 14 pages, 10 figures, 1 table. Typos corrected. The unnormalized
background distribution for each dwarf is available in an ancillary fil