<p>In the red upper right triangle, the <i>F</i><sub>ST</sub> estimates for autosomal markers are higher than for X-linked markers. In this case, <i>N</i><sub>f</sub>/<i>N</i> is necessarily larger than 0.5. In the blue region of the figure, the <i>F</i><sub>ST</sub> estimates for autosomal markers are lower than for X-linked markers. The white plain line, at which , represents the set of (<i>N</i><sub>f</sub>/<i>N</i>, <i>m</i><sub>f</sub>/<i>m</i>) values where the autosomal and X-linked <i>F</i><sub>ST</sub> estimates are equal. In this case , if <i>N</i><sub>f</sub> = <i>N</i><sub>m</sub>, then the lower effective size of X-linked markers (which would be three-quarters that of autosomal markers) can only be balanced by a complete female-bias in dispersal (<i>m</i><sub>f</sub>/<i>m</i> = 1). Conversely, if <i>m</i><sub>f</sub> = <i>m</i><sub>m</sub>, the large female fraction of effective numbers compensates exactly the low effective size of X-linked markers only for <i>N</i><sub>f</sub> = 7<i>N</i><sub>m</sub>. Last, if <i>m</i><sub>f</sub> = <i>m</i><sub>m</sub>/2, then the autosomal and X-linked <i>F</i><sub>ST</sub> estimates can only be equal as the number of males tends towards zero.</p
