Polyaniline/Polyoxometalate Hybrid Nanofibers as Cathode
for Lithium Ion Batteries with Improved Lithium Storage Capacity
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Abstract
Hybrid nanofibers of polyaniline/polyoxometalate
are synthesized
via a facile interfacial polymerization method for the first time,
and evaluated as a cathode material for lithium ion batteries. The
hybrid nanofibers with 100 nm diameter consisted of phosphomolybdic
acid polyanion, [PMo<sub>12</sub>O<sub>40</sub>]<sup>3–</sup>, and polyaniline matrix. Their 1D geometry improves the utilization
of electrode materials and accommodates the volume change during cycling,
which enables the significant improvement in lithium storage capacity
and capacity retentions. The phosphomolybdic acid polyanions not only
exhibit a large theoretical capacity of about 270 mAh g<sup>–1</sup>, but also reduce the charge transfer resistance of electrode leading
to the enhanced reversible capacity and rate capability. The polyaniline/polyoxometalate
nanofibers delivered a remarkably improved electrochemical performance
in terms of lithium storage capacity (183.4 mAh g<sup>–1</sup> at 0.1C rate), cycling stability (80.7% capacity retention after
50 cycles), and rate capability (94.2 mAh g<sup>–1</sup> at
2C rate) compared to polyaniline nanofibers and bulk polyaniline/polyoxometalate
hybrid