Dual Stimuli-Responsive, Rechargeable Micropumps <i>via</i> “Host–Guest” Interactions

Abstract

We demonstrate a supramolecular approach to the fabrication of self-powered micropumps based on “host–guest” molecular recognition between α- and β-cyclodextrin and <i>trans</i>-azobenzene. Both hydrogels and surface coatings based on host–guest partners were used as scaffolds to devise the micropumps. These soft micropumps are dual stimuli-responsive and can be actuated either by light or by introducing guest molecules. Furthermore, the micropumps can be recharged through reversible host–guest interaction