Arrayed Profiling of Multiple Glycans on Whole Living
Cell Surfaces
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Abstract
An
array-based method for profiling and quantification of multiple
glycans on whole living cell surfaces was developed through combining
DNA encoding technology with DNA microarray. Using four kinds of lectins
as the model to recognize four types of cell surface glycans, the
specific barcode-lectin probes that contained the endonuclease cutting
site were designed. The barcode-lectin probes had the DNA sequences
complementary to four sequences immobilized on a DNA microarray, respectively.
After the living cells were incubated with the mixture of four barcode-lectin
probes, these probes could bind to cell surface through the specific
interaction between the lectins and corresponding glycans. Thus, the
glycans and their amounts could be profiled by releasing the barcodes
from cell surface with endonuclease cleaving, binding the barcodes
to DNA microarray with specific hybridization, and then producing
the amplified fluorescence signal with hybridization chain reaction
(HCR). The HCR was performed with two kinds of Cy5 labeled hairpins.
The average amount of mannose, <i>N</i>-acetylgalactosamine, <i>N</i>-acetylglucosamine, and <i>N</i>-acetylneuraminic
acid on BGC cell was obtained to be 6.8 × 10<sup>7</sup>, 3.8
× 10<sup>7</sup>, 2.1 × 10<sup>8</sup>, and 1.1 × 10<sup>7</sup> moieties per cell, respectively. The proposed method possessed
whole cell surface accessibility, powerful distinguishing capability,
fast recognition kinetics, easy miniaturization, and high throughput
without need of cell pretreatment or labeling. It could become a powerful
tool for elucidation of the complex glycan-related biological processes