Anthocyanidins,
Proanthocyanidins, and Anthocyanins
Profiling in Wine Lees by Solid-Phase Extraction–Liquid Chromatography
Coupled to Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry with Data-Dependent
Methods
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Abstract
A method has been
developed to study the content of anthocyanidins,
proanthocyanidicins, and anthocyanins in wine lees, an abundant byproduct
from wineries. Detection/quantitation of the target compounds was
carried out by a hyphenated system consisting of a solid-phase extraction
workstation (Prospekt-2 unit) online coupled to a liquid chromatograph-triple-quadrupole
tandem mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS), where standards were used for
identification/quantitation of both anthocyanidins and proanthocyanidins.
Owing to the lack of anthocyanins standards, advantages from the use
of data-dependent methods were taken for their identification and
confirmatory analysis. Combination of the scanning methods (viz. product-ion,
precursor-ion, and neutral-loss scanning) allowed identifying five
different anthocyanins present in wine residues. The results thus
obtained have been validated by complementary analysis of the extracts
using LC-TOF/MS in high-resolution mode. Quantitation of the monitored
compounds was supported on selected reaction monitoring (SRM) and
calibration curves run with standards of anthocyanidins and proanthocyanidins