Chromosome correlation maps of gene expression signatures could provide useful information on gene regulatory mechanisms in urinary bladder cancer

Abstract

<p>Chromosome correlation maps display correlations between gene expression patterns on the same chromosome and are considered of major importance in the understanding of how gene expression is regulated. It has not yet been elucidated based on chromosome correlation, whether gene expression among same chromosomes from different tumor samples is governed by similar patterns; and if it exists we do not know whether it is of linear nature or not. In the present study we used urinary bladder carcinoma as the model of our hypothesis. Following microarray experimentation in combination with raw microarray data extraction from the GEO, we collected a data cohort of 129 bladder cancer and 17 normal samples and performed network analysis for the co-deregulated genes using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Chromosome mapping, mathematical modeling and data simulations were performed using the WebGestalt and Matlab software. The top deregulated molecules among all bladder cancer samples were implicated in the PI3K/AKT signaling, cell cycle, Myc-mediated apoptosis signaling and ERK5 signaling pathways. Their most prominent molecular and cellular functions were related to cell cycle, cell death, gene expression, molecular transport and cellular growth and proliferation. Chromosome correlation maps allowed us to detect significantly co-expressed genes along the chromosomes. We identified strong correlations among tumors of Tα-grade 1, as well as for those of Tα-grade 2, in chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 7, 12 and 19. Chromosomal domains of gene co-expression were revealed for the normal tissues, as well. The expression data were further simulated, exhibiting an excellent fit (0.7</p

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