Kunkely, Horst

Pawlowski, V.

Vogler, Arnd

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J. Inf. Ree. Mats., 1994, © 1994 Gordon and Breach Science Publishers S.A. Vol. 21, pp. 673-675 Printed in Malaysia Reprints available directly from the publisher Photocopying permitted by license only PHOTOREDOX DECOMPOSITION OF [(R3P)3Au-SnCl3] INDUCED BY METAL-TO-METAL CHARGE TRANSFER EXCITATION V. PAWLOWSKI, H. K U N K E L Y AND A. VOGLER* Universität Regensburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany The complexes [(I^P^Au-SnCy with R = C 6 H 5 and O C H 3 display long-wavelength absorptions in the UV which are assigned to metal-to-metal (Sn—• Au) charge transfer (MMCT) transitions. M M C T excitation of the complexes in solution led to a redox decomposition with the formation of metallic gold. PHOTOREDOXZERSETZUNG V O N [(R3P)3 Au-SnCl3], INDUZIERT D U R C H M M C T - A N R E G U N G Die Komplexe [(R3P)3 Au-SnCl3] mit R = C 6 H 5 bzw. O C H 3 zeigen langwellige Absorptionen im UV-Bereich, die den Metal-to-Metal (Sn Au) Charge-Transfer-Übergängen (MMCT) zugeordnet werden. Die MMCT-Anregung dieser Komplexe in Lösung führte zu einer Redoxzersetzung unter Bildung von metallischem Gold. 1. INTRODUCTION Photoredox reactions induced by inner-sphere metal-to-metal charge transfer (MMCT) excitation have attracted considerable attention in recent years [1-3]. M M C T transi-tions occur in bi- or polynuclear complexes which contain reducing and oxidizing metal centers. These redox centers may interact via bridging ligands or directly in compounds with polar metal-metal bonds. The majority of observations were restricted to transition metal complexes although a few mixed-valence main group metal complexes [4] such as Sn2Clio [5] have been also reported to show M M C T absorptions in their electronic spectra. The present study was undertaken to search for photoactive M M C T transitions between a transition and a main group metal. Suitable candidates are complexes of the type [(R3P)3 Au(I)-Sn(II)Cl3] [6] which are expected to display optical low-energy M M C T transitions from the reducing Sn(II) to the oxidizing Au(I) metal center. This expectation was based on analogous observations with [Ph3PAu(I)-Co( — I) (CO)4] [7]. The current investigation was facilitated by our experience with the electronic spectra and photochemical properties of SnCl 3 [8] in the free and coordinated state [9,10]. In this context it is quite intriguing that complexes such as [Ru(SnCl 3) 6] 4 _ [9] or Anschrift der Autoren: Dr. V. Pawlowski, Dr. H. Kunkely, Prof. Dr. A. Vogler, Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg, D-94030 Regensburg 674 POSTER [Pt(SnCl3)5]3 ~ [10] do not undergo photoredox reactions but photosubstitutions and photofragmentations of the SnCl 3 ligand. 2. EXPERIMENTAL The compound [(Ph3P)3 Au-SnCl3] was prepared according to a published procedure [11]. In analogy to this method the reaction of [(CH 30) 3 PAuCl] [12] with SnCl 2 and (CH 3 0) 3 P in excess yielded {[(CH 30) 3P] 3 AuSnCl3} as a white solid (Anal. Calcd. for A u C 9 H 2 7 C l 3 0 9 P 3 S n : C, 13.61; H, 3.43; CI, 13.39. Found: C, 13.31; H, 3.20; CI, 13.41). All solvents were spectrograde. Absorption spectra were measured in solution at room temperature on a Shimadzu UV-2100 absorption spectrometer. The photolysis pro-cedures were described elsewhere. 3. RESULTS The absorption spectrum of {[(CH30)3P]3AuSnCl3} in acetonitrile (Fig. 1) displays bands at A m a x = 292 (e = 580M~ 1 cnr 1 ) , 274 (1100), 237 (15600), 227 (18300), 216 (17900) and 204 nm (20800). The spectrum of [(CH 30) 3 PAuCl] was measured for comparison. It shows absorp-tions at ^ m a x = 232 (e = 1400M _ 1 cm _ 1 ) , 224 (1400) and 202nm (4400). The spectrum of [(Ph3P)3AuSnCl3] consists of bands at A m a x = 275 (s = 14300M"1 cm"x), 267 (17700) and 237 nm (sh, 42000). The photolysis of {[(CH30)3 P] 3 AuSnCl3} in acetonitrile led to the decomposition of the complex with a concomitant formation of me-tallic gold which was identified by its plasmon absorption at A m a x = 550 nm [13]. A reliable quantum yield could not be determined since the complex was thermally not very stable in solution but decomposed to [(CH 30) 3 PAuCl] and SnCl2 as inversion of its formation. Fig. 1 Electronic absorption spectrum of 8.0 x 10~5 M {[(CH 30) 3 P ] 3 AuSnCl3} in acetonitrile at room temperature, 1 cm cell. POSTER 675 The irradiation of [(Ph3P)3 AuSnCl3] in C H 3 C N led also to the formation of gold. This photolysis was quite efficient with </> = 0.41 at A i r r = 282 nm. 4. DISCUSSION While Au[P(OCH 3 ) 3 ] 2 f [14] and [(CH 30) 3 PAuCl] absorb only at wavelength short-er than 250 nm the complex [(CH 3 0) 3 P] 3 AuSnCl 3 displays long-wavelength bands at A m a x = 292 and 274 nm. We assign these absorptions to SnCl 3 to Au(I) ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) transitions in analogy to other Au(I) complexes which contain strongly reducing ligands such as I" [15,16] and N 3 [13]. This L M C T transition can be also described as a Sn(II) to Au(I) M M C T transition as it was observed for [Ph3PAu(I)-Co( —I)(CO)4] [7]. In this case the longest-wavelength absorption was assigned to a Co( —I) to Au(I) M M C T transition. The absorption spectrum of [(Ph3P)3AuSnCl3] is dominated by the intraligand (IL) bands of triphenylphosphine which appear at A m a x = 267 and 274 nm [7]. The Sn(II) to Au(I) M M C T absorptions are apparently obscured by these IL bands but can be recognized by their extension to longer wavelength (shoulder at approximately 290 nm). The j)hotoreactivity of the complexes [(L 3P) 3 AuSnCl3] can certainly be related to the presence of the low-energy Sn(II) to Au(I) M M C T absorptions. M M C T excitation generates Au(0) which finally appears as colloidal gold. A C K N O W L E D G E M E N T Financial support by the B M F T and the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie is gratefully acknowledged. References [1] H. Vogler and H. Kunkely, in A. Müller, H. Ratajczak, W. Junge and E. Diemann, (Eds.), Electron and Proton Transfer in Chemistry and Biology, Elsevier, Amsterdam (1992), p. 31. [2] A. Vogler and H. Kunkely, in K. Kalyanasundaram and M . Grätzel, (Eds.), Photosensitization and Photochemistry Using Inorganic and Organometallic Compounds, Kluwer Academic Publishers (1993), p. 71. [3] A. Vogler, in M.A. Rox and M . Chanon, (Eds.), Photoinduced Electron Transfer, Part D, Elsevier, Amsterdam (1988), p. 179. [4] G.C. Allen and N.S. Hush, Progr. lnorg. Chem., 8, 357 (1967). [5] C.I. Browne, R.P. Craig and N . Davidson, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 73,1946 (1951). [6] M.S. Holt, W.L. Wilson and J.H. Nelson, Chem. Rev., 89,11 (1989). [7] A. Vogler and H. Kunkely, Z. Naturforsch., 44b, 132 (1989). [8] H. Nikol, A. Becht and A. Vogler, lnorg. Chem., 31, 3277 (1992). [9] V. Pawlowski, H. Kunkely and A. Vogler, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 7029 (1993). [10] V. Pawlowski, H. Kunkely and A. Vogler, Coord. Chem. Rev., in press. [11] J.A. Dilts and M.P. Johnson, lnorg. Chem., 5, 2079 (1966). [12] M . Casey and A.R. Manning, J. Chem. Soc., (A), 2989 (1971). [13] A. Vogler, C. Quett and H. Kunkely, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 92,1486 (1988). [14] S.K. Chastain and W.R. Mason, lnorg. Chem., 21, 3717 (1982). [15] M.E. Koutek and W.R. Mason, lnorg. Chem., 19, 648 (1980). [16] M . M . Savas and W.R. Mason, lnorg. Chem., 26, 301 (1987). 

Photoredox Decomposition of [(R₃P)₃Au-SnCl₃] Induced by Metal-to-Metal Charge Transfer Excitation

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Photoredox Decomposition of [(R₃P)₃Au-SnCl₃] Induced by Metal-to-Metal Charge Transfer Excitation

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