Multistack
Integration of Three-Dimensional Hyperbranched
Anatase Titania Architectures for High-Efficiency Dye-Sensitized Solar
Cells
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Abstract
An
unprecedented attempt was conducted on suitably functionalized
integration of three-dimensional hyperbranched titania architectures
for efficient multistack photoanode, constructed via layer-by-layer
assembly of hyperbranched hierarchical tree-like titania nanowires
(underlayer), branched hierarchical rambutan-like titania hollow submicrometer-sized
spheres (intermediate layer), and hyperbranched hierarchical urchin-like
titania micrometer-sized spheres (top layer). Owing to favorable charge-collection,
superior light harvesting efficiency and extended electron lifetime,
the multilayered TiO<sub>2</sub>-based devices showed greater <i>J</i><sub>sc</sub> and <i>V</i><sub>oc</sub> than
those of a conventional TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticle (TNP), and an
overall power conversion efficiency of 11.01% (<i>J</i><sub>sc</sub> = 18.53 mA cm<sup>–2</sup>; <i>V</i><sub>oc</sub> = 827 mV and FF = 0.72) was attained, which remarkably outperformed
that of a TNP-based reference cell (η = 7.62%) with a similar
film thickness. Meanwhile, the facile and operable film-fabricating
technique (hydrothermal and drop-casting) provides a promising scheme
and great simplicity for high performance/cost ratio photovoltaic
device processability in a sustainable way