Synthesis
and Characterization of Biobased
Melamine Formaldehyde Resins
from Bark Extractives
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Abstract
In this study, bark alkaline extractives
from the mountain pine
beetle (<i>Dendroctonus ponderosae</i> Hopkins) infested
lodgepole pine (<i>Pinus contorta</i> Dougl.) was used to
partially replace 30 wt % of melamine in formulating the biobased
bark extractive–melamine formaldehyde (MF) resin. Results showed
that the addition of the bark extractives and the type of solvent
system used for resin formulation significantly affected the initial
molecular weight, molecular structure, viscosity, curing behavior,
postcuring thermal stability, and bonding performance of the resulting
resins. The bark extractive–MF resins exhibited similar dry
and wet bonding strengths to the laboratory made control MF resins
formulated in the same type of solvent system. The liquid-state <sup>13</sup>C NMR study showed that bark extractives were reactants and
incorporated into the resulting biobased MF resin structures. Bark
extractives obtained from the mountain pine beetle infested lodgepole
pine showed promise as a suitable partial replacement for melamine
in MF resin formulations