Discovery of Spiro[cyclohexane-dihydropyrano[3,4‑<i>b</i>]indole]-amines as Potent NOP and Opioid Receptor Agonists
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Abstract
We
report the discovery of spiro[cyclohexane-pyrano[3,4-<i>b</i>]indole]-amines, as functional nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide
(NOP) and opioid receptor agonists with strong efficacy in preclinical
models of acute and neuropathic pain. Utilizing 4-(dimethylamino)-4-phenylcyclo-hexanone <b>1</b> and tryptophol in an oxa-Pictet–Spengler reaction
led to the formation of spiroether <b>2</b>, representing a
novel NOP and opioid peptide receptor agonistic chemotype. This finding
initially stems from the systematic derivatization of <b>1</b>, which resulted in alcohols <b>3</b>–<b>5</b>, ethers <b>6</b> and <b>7</b>, amines <b>8</b>–<b>10</b>, <b>22</b>–<b>24</b>,
and <b>26</b>–<b>28</b>, amides <b>11</b> and <b>25</b>, and urea <b>12</b>, many with low nanomolar
binding affinities at the NOP and mu opioid peptide (MOP) receptors