Modeling
Uptake of Selected Pharmaceuticals and Personal
Care Products into Food Crops from Biosolids-Amended Soil
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Abstract
Biosolids
contain
a variety of pharmaceuticals and personal care
products (PPCPs). Studies have observed the uptake of PPCPs into plants
grown in biosolids-amended soils. This study examined the ability
of Dynamic Plant Uptake (DPU) model and Biosolids-amended Soil Level
IV (BASL4) model to predict the concentration of eight PPCPs in the
tissue of plants grown in biosolids-amended soil under a number of
exposure scenarios. Concentrations in edible tissue predicted by the
models were compared to concentrations reported in the literature
by calculating estimated human daily intake values for both sets of
data and comparing them to an acceptable daily intake value. The equilibrium
partitioning (EqP) portion of BASL4 overpredicted the concentrations
of triclosan, triclocarban, and miconazole in root and shoot tissue
by two to three orders of magnitude, while the dynamic carrot root
(DCR) portion overpredicted by a single order of magnitude. DPU predicted
concentrations of triclosan, triclocarban, miconazole, carbamazepine,
and diphenhydramine in plant tissues that were within an order of
magnitude of concentrations reported in the literature. The study
also found that more empirical data are needed on the uptake of cimetidine,
fluoxetine, and gemfibrozil, and other ionizable PPCPs, to confirm
the utility of both models. All hazard quotient values calculated
from literature data were below 1, with 95.7% of hazard quotient values
being below 0.1, indicating that consumption of the chosen PPCPs in
plant tissue poses de minimus risk to human health