<p>(A) Effects of KY-05009 on cell viability and TCF4 transcriptional activity. Serum-deprived A549 cells were treated with TGF-β1 or its combination with KY-05009 for 48 h, and then cell viability and TOPflash luciferase activity were measured. FOPflash-normalized TOPflash luciferase activity was represented to the relative TCF/LEF luciferase activity. The expression of TNIK and β-catenin in cytosolic and nuclear fractions (B), and the protein levels of TCF4-interacting proteins c were measured by Western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation assay, respectively. Actin, histone H3, and IgG were used as loading controls. The expression of cytosol and nucleus proteins was normalized by actin and histone H3, respectively. Reported results are representatives of triplicate experiments. <sup>###</sup><i>p</i><0.001 (versus ‘the control’); ** <i>p</i><0.01, *** <i>p</i><0.001 (versus ‘the group treated with TGF-β1 only’).</p
