Widespread Occurrence and
Accumulation of Bisphenol
A Diglycidyl Ether (BADGE), Bisphenol F Diglycidyl Ether (BFDGE) and
Their Derivatives in Human Blood and Adipose Fat
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Abstract
Despite
the widespread use of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE)
and bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in various consumer products,
studies on human exposure to these compounds are scarce. In this study,
BADGE, BFDGE, and seven of their derivatives were determined in human
adipose fat and blood plasma samples collected from New York City,
NY. Bisphenol A bis (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) ether [BADGE路2H<sub>2</sub>O] was the major BADGE derivative found in 60% of the adipose
samples and 70% of the plasma samples analyzed. High concentrations
and detection frequencies of BFDGE were found in both adipose and
plasma samples. BFDGE concentrations in adipose fat ranged from 19.1
to 4500 ng/g wet weight. A significant correlation between BADGE or
BFDGE and their derivatives in adipose and plasma samples suggested
hydration of these reactive compounds in humans. A significant positive
correlation existed between BADGEs (i.e., the sum of BADGE and its
five derivatives) and BFDGEs in adipose samples, which suggested similar
exposure sources and pathways for these compounds in humans. Bisphenol
A (BPA) also was analyzed in adipose fat and plasma, and its concentrations
were positively correlated with those of BADGEs, which confirmed coexposure
of BADGEs and BPA in humans