Thrombinuria in glomerulonephritis and its diagnostic accuracy for crescentic glomerulonephritis (CresGN) and its relation to plasma thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), urinary TAT, and hemoglobinuria.
<p>(<b>A</b>) Occurrence of urinary thrombin detected (>0.2 U/L) in each group; fractions over the columns indicate the number of samples with thrombin activity per the total number of samples. (<b>B</b>) Thrombin excretion level for each type of glomerulonephritis, as shown by box plots that indicate the median-25th and 75th-median percentiles. Bars with asterisks (*) show only significant differences between two groups. MPGN, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis; IgAN, IgA nephropathy; non-IgA mesPGN, non-IgA mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis; AGN, acute glomerulonephritis; MCNS, minimal change glomerulopathy; MN, membranous nephropathy; FSGS, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; and TIN, tubulointerstitial nephritis. gCr indicates gram of urinary creatinine. (<b>C</b>) The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for diagnosis of CresGN in patients with hematuria and proteinuria. The asterisk indicates the diagnostic accuracy at the cutoff value of 0.6 U/gCr. CI indicates confidence interval. (<b>D</b>) Relation of thrombin excretion to plasma TAT. Circles indicate patients with ANCA-associated CresGN (16 measurements in 9 patients). gCr indicates gram of creatinine. (<b>E</b>) Relation of urinary thrombin to urinary TAT. (<b>F</b>) Relation of urinary thrombin to hemoglobinuria. In (<b>E</b>) and (<b>F</b>), each circle represents an individual patient with glomerulonephritis.</p
