Abstract

<p>Continuous variables were expressed as mean ± SD. The difference of continuous variables between two groups were analyzed by students’ t-test and those among three groups were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test. Categorical variables were expressed as percentages (numbers). The difference of categorical variables between two groups was analyzed by Pearson’s qui-squared test and those among three groups were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test. EWP: periodontitis classification criteria of the 5th European Workshop in Periodontology in 2005; SDAI: simplified disease activity index; mHAQ: modified health assessment questionnaire; N.D.: not determined; N.A.: not assessed</p><p>*: p<0.05 Pg was not analyzed in one patient because DNA of subgingival plaque sample was not successfully extracted.</p><p>Characteristics of the patients divided by the clinical diagnosis of periodontitis or the presence of <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> in subgingival biofilm.</p

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