In Vitro Production of Fumonisins by Fusarium verticillioides under Oxidative Stress Induced by H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>
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Abstract
The effects of oxidative stress induced
by H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> were tested in liquid cultures in the
fumonisin-producing fungus Fusarium verticillioides. The quantitative analysis of fumonisins B<sub>1</sub>, B<sub>2</sub>, B<sub>3</sub>, and B<sub>4</sub> was achieved by means of liquid
chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry. Two effects
in F. verticillioides, consisting of
different abilities to produce fumonisins in response to oxidative
stress, were identified. Following H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> addition,
two F. verticillioides strains produced
significantly more fumonisin (>300%) while three other strains
produced significantly less (<20%) in comparison to control cultures.
Transcriptional studies with seven biosynthetic genes showed a significant
increase in transcript levels in the strain that made more fumonisin
and either no or minimal changes in the strain that made less fumonisin.
Our data indicate the important role of oxidative stress toward the
modulation of the fumonisin biosynthesis and suggest the necessity
to verify the presence of such divergent behavior in F. verticillioides populations under natural conditions