Qualitative Profiling of Polyglucose Degradation Products in Peritoneal
Dialysis Fluids
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Abstract
Heat
sterilization of peritoneal dialysis (PD) fluids leads to
partial degradation of the osmotic agent to form reactive carbonyl
structures, which significantly reduce the biocompatibility of PD
fluids and impair long-term PD therapy. Hence, it is important to
know the exact composition of the degradation products to improve
biocompatibility of PD fluids. Our study conducted targeted screening
for degradation products in polyglucose (icodextrin)-containing PD
fluids (pGDPs) by applying <i>o</i>-phenylenediamine (OPD)
to form stable derivatives, which were analyzed by ultrahigh-performance
liquid chromatography with hyphenated diode array tandem mass spectrometry
(UHPLC–DAD–MS/MS). For the first time, specific degradation
products of polyglucose, namely, 4-deoxyglucosone (4-DG) and 3,4-dideoxypentosone
(3,4-DDPS), could be identified in PD fluids. Further, a reaction
product of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) and OPD could be characterized
to be (5-(1<i>H</i>-benzo[<i>d</i>]imidazol-2-yl)furan-2-yl)methanol.
Additionally, 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG) and 3-deoxygalactosone (3-DGal),
both known to be present in glucose-based PD fluids, were also detected
in polyglucose-containing fluids. Trapping a hitherto unknown degradation
product with OPD yielded 1,4-bis(1<i>H</i>-benzo[<i>d</i>]imidazol-2-yl)-3,4-dihydroxybutan-1-one, which was present
in heat- as well as filter-sterilized PD fluids