Additional file 2: Table S1. Prokaryotic diversity indices based on 97 % identity of 16S rRNA gene sequences and 2230 reads per sample. Table S2. The relative contributions (R square value) of each environmental factor to OTUs in all samples, Cluster I and II based on RDA analysis. Table S3. Relative abundances of core genera/OTUs in all 43 samples and sub-core genera/OTUs in Cluster I and II, and their correlation to environmental factors. Table S4. Relative abundances of the abundant phyla (average relative abundance >0.1%) and genera (average relative abundance >0.05 %). Table S5. Pearson’s correlation of abundant phyla and genera to environmental factors in Cluster I and II. Table S6. Pearson’s correlation of abundant methanogens to environmental factors in all samples. Table S7. Topological properties of co-occurring networks AS (43 samples), C1 (27 samples in Cluster I), and C2 (16 samples in Cluster II), generated with Gephi software. Table S8. Node information of 103 cosmopolitan OTUs in the network C1 (Cluster I). Table S9. Positive and negative interactions among modules in network AS, C1, and C2. Table S10. Node information of 206 cosmopolitan OTUs in the network C2 (Cluster II). Table S11. Node information of 110 cosmopolitan OTUs in the network AS (all samples). Table S12. Fermentation conditions and chemical properties in biogas digesters