Efficient Carbazole Synthesis via Pd/Cu-Cocatalyzed Cross-Coupling/Isomerization of 2‑Allyl-3-iodoindoles and Terminal Alkynes

Abstract

The Pd/Cu-cocatalyzed one-pot reaction of 2-allyl-3-iodo-1-tosyl-1<i>H</i>-indoles and terminal alkynes afforded carbazoles highly efficiently via sequential carbon–carbon coupling, isomerization, cyclization, and aromatization forming a benzene ring. Both Pd and Cu are responsible for the coupling step, while K₂CO₃ was observed to be critical for the subsequent cyclization