Enzymatic Transformation of Phosphate Decorated Magnetic
Nanoparticles for Selectively Sorting and Inhibiting Cancer Cells
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Abstract
As
an important and necessary step of sampling biological specimens,
the separation of malignant cells from a mixed population of cells
usually requires sophisticated instruments and/or expensive reagents.
For health care in the developing regions, there is a need for an
inexpensive sampling method to capture tumor cells for rapid and accurate
diagnosis. Here we show that an underexplored generic differenceoverexpression
of ectophosphatasesbetween cancer and normal cells triggers
the d-tyrosine phosphate decorated magnetic nanoparticles
(Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-p(d-Tyr)) to adhere selectively
on cancer cells upon catalytic dephosphorylation, which enables magnetic
separation of cancer cells from mixed population of cells (e.g., cocultured
cancer cell (HeLa-GFP) and stromal cells (HS-5)). Moreover, the Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-p(d-Tyr) nanoparticles also selectively
inhibit cancer cells in the coculture. As a general method to broadly
target cancer cells without highly specific ligand–receptor
interactions (e.g., antibodies), the use of an enzymatic reaction
to spatiotemporally modulate the state of various nanostructures in
cellular environments will ultimately lead to the development of new
theranostic applications of nanomaterials