Thiophene-Based Microporous Polymer Networks via Chemical
or Electrochemical Oxidative Coupling
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Abstract
Four
thiophene-based monomers have been synthesized by Stille-
or Suzuki-type couplings followed by chemical or electrochemical polymerization
into microporous polymer networks (MPNs) with high BET surface areas
(<i>S</i><sub>BET</sub>). Similar <i>S</i><sub>BET</sub> values of up to 2020 and 2135 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>–1</sup> have been determined for tetraphenylmethane-cored bulk MPN
powders and thin films, respectively. Electrochemical polymerization
in boron trifluoride diethyl etherate (BFEE)/dichloromethane (DCM)
mixtures allows for the generation of MPN films with optimized porosity.
Moreover, an interesting effect of boron trifluoride on the connectivity
of the monomeric units during electropolymerization is observed for
3-thienyl-based monomers. Finally, the electrochemical reduction of
1,3,5-trinitrobenzene at MPN-modified glassy carbon (GC) electrodes
shows increased cathodic responses compared to nonmodified GC electrodes
due to interaction between electron-deficient nitroaromatic analyte
and electron-rich MPN film. The influence of the specific surface
area of MPNs on the electrochemical response is also studied for this
class of materials