D-alanylation prevents induction of macropinocytosis and is required for IL-12 production.

Abstract

<p>(A) DCs were stimulated with SA113 or its isogenic <i>dltA</i> mutant in exponential or stationary phase. IL-12p70, TNF-α and IL-10 were measured in the supernatant after 20h. (B) Cytochalasin D (0.5 μg/ml) treated DCs were stimulated with SA113 and its isogenic <i>dltA</i> mutant in exponential phase and the levels of IL-12p70 were measured in the supernatant after 20h. (C) DCs were treated with cytochalasin D for 1h and were subsequently subjected for 30 min to <i>S</i>. <i>aureus</i> SA113 or its isogenic <i>dltA</i> mutant both in EP. Next the cells were chased with FITC-dextran for 10 min, and the uptake of dextran was measured by flow cytometry and plotted against FSC. (D) Combination of three technical replicates of C. Means and SD are based on technical replicates. Data represents one experiment out of three.</p