Ohm's law and the concept of electricity in high school physics

Abstract

Fundamentalni koncepti električnog otpora, napona i jakosti električne struje te električne energije imaju ne samo stručno tehničko značenje, već i opći, civilizacijski značaj. Iako se u srednjoškolskoj nastavi, ovisno o usmjerenju, temama vezanim uz električnu struju i električnu energiju daju različite težine značenja, morale bi biti podjednako usvojene u svim programima koji podučavaju ovo područje. Usprkos tome postoji dojam da ovi koncepti nisu jednako usvojeni u gimnazijskim sredinama u odnosu na tehničke i stručne škole. Postoje li razlike u shvaćanjima temeljnih električnih fizikalnih veličina i zakona između učenika gimnazija i učenika tehničkih škola, glavno je pitanje ovog diplomskog rada. Stoga je konstruiran set relevantnih pitanja objektivnog tipa u obliku upitnika koji je zatim proveden u sve četiri generacije učenika gimnazije i elektrotehničke škole. Detaljna analiza rezultata testnog uzorka, kao i najčešćih miskoncepcija u razumijevanju spomenutih pojmova, također utvrđenih provedenim upitnikom, dana je u ovom radu.Fundamental concepts of electrical resistance, voltage, current and electricity are meaningful not only in technical professions, but they also have a broader cultural significance. Although, depending on the program, issues related to electric current and electricity are not equally important in high school teaching, they should be equally adopted in all programs that cover this area. Nevertheless, there is the impression that these concepts are not equally addressed in all high-school programs compared to technical and vocational schools. The main question of this thesis is whether there are in fact differences in the understanding of basic electrical physical quantities and laws between high school students and students of technical schools. Therefore, a set of relevant objective type questions in the form of a survey was designed and then carried out in all four generations of pupils of the Gymnasium and School of Electrical Engineering. Detailed analysis of the results of the test sample, as well as the most common misconception about the understanding of these terms also established in the survey, are given in this paper