University of Zagreb. Faculty of Science. Department of Biology.
Abstract
Neke bakterije mliječne kiseline su prilagođene za rast u biljnim hranidbenim podlogama gdje su fenolni spojevi u izobilju. Većina proučavanih fenolnih spojeva ima inhibitorni učinak na rast bakterija mliječne kiseline. Rasvjetljavanje metaboličkih puteva bi dovelo do dobivanja biotehnološki korisnih sojeva i bjelančevina. Ti sojevi ili proteini će biti adekvatni u postupcima razrade za dobivanje hrane s poboljšanim senzorskim i prehrambenih svojstvima. Iako su brojna istraživanja dovela do rezultata u posljednjih nekoliko godina još uvijek nije moguće dobiti uvjerljive kliničke dokaze uloge probiotika u nastanku raka debelog crijeva. Rak debelog crijeva je nepraktičan u smislu broja subjekata, troškova, trajanja istraživanja i etičkih načela. Nekoliko mehanizama bi moglo objasniti preventivno djelovanje probiotika protiv početka nastanka raka debelog crijeva. Najvjerojatnije različiti sojevi probiotika rade sa specifičnim mehanizmima. Također, korištenje probiotičkih bakterija dokazuje pozitivno djelovanje u prevenciji i terapiji akutnih dijareja u dojenčadi i djece, kao i kod dijareja uzrokovanih uzimanjem antibiotika, a to ima prvenstveno značenje u smanjenju troškova liječenja. Daljnja istraživanja jako su potrebna kako bi se utvrdio utjecaj svakog mehanizma i stvarna korist od probiotika u liječenju brojnih bolesti.Some lactic acid bacteria are adapted to growth in plant nutritional substrates where are phenolic compounds in abundance. Most of the studied phenolic compounds is carried the inhibitory effect on the growth of lactic acid bacteria. The elucidation of metabolic pathways would lead to getting biotechnology useful strains and proteins. These strains or proteins will be adequate in the elaboration of procedures for obtaining food with improved organoleptic and nutritional properties. Although numerous studies have led to the results in the last few years, it is still not possible to obtain conclusive clinical evidence of the role of probiotics in the development of colon cancer. Colorectal cancer is impractical in terms of the number of the subject, cost, duration of studies and ethical principles. Several mechanisms could explain the preventive effect of probiotics against the beginning of developing colorectal cancer. Most likely different strains of probiotics work with specific mechanisms. Also, the use of probiotic bacteria proven positive effect in the prevention and treatment of acute diarrhea in infants and children, as well as diarrhea caused by taking antibiotics, and it has meaning primarily in reducing the cost of treatment. Further studies are strongly required to determine the impact of each mechanism and the actual benefit of probiotics in the treatment of many diseases
