University of Zagreb. Faculty of Science. Department of Biology.
Abstract
U ovom doktorskom radu svinja je uzeta kao svjetski priznati model u biomedicinskim istraživanjima u cilju utvrđivanja mogućih štetnih učinaka anestetika izoflurana i permanentnog plina dušikovog oksidula na staničnu imunost nakon njihove višednevne ponovljene primjene. Provedeno je prospektivno, randomizirano, kontrolirano istraživanje koje je uključilo 28 prasadi dobrog općeg stanja. Ispitivane životinje, ovisno o tretmanu izofluranom samostalno ili u kombinaciji s dušikovim oksidulom, podijeljene su u skupine. Uzorci krvi za određivanje hematoloških, biokemijskih i imunosnih pokazatelja uzeti su 0., 4., 8., 16. i 24 dana istraživanja. Na kraju istraživanja uzeti su uzorci koštane moždine, slezene, pluća i limfnog čvora te je načinjena histopatološka pretraga. Dobiveni rezultati ovih istraživanja pokazuju da izofluran te njegova kombinacija s dušikovim oksidulom, u prasadi anestezirane tijekom 24 dana, imaju imunosupresijski učinak, odnosno smanjuju udjele subpopulacija (CD4+, CD8+, CD21+ i CD45+) limfocita u svinja. Međutim, u prasadi anestezirane dušikovim oksidulom i kisikom bez dodatka izoflurana tijekom 24 dana, na kraju istraživanja nije zabilježen njihov štetni učinak na stanični imunosni sustav. Dobiveni rezultati predstavljaju znanstveno utemeljenu preporuku da izofluran te njegovu kombinaciju s dušikovim oksidulom treba s oprezom upotrebljavati za potrebe višednevne anestezije na modelu domaće svinje kao i u humanoj medicini prilikom opetovanih anestezija s istim protokolom osobito u pacijenata gdje je primarna bolest već narušila imunosni sustav.In this doctoral thesis pig is taken as a globally recognized model in biomedical research in order to identify potential adverse effects of anesthetics isoflurane and nitrous oxide permanent gas on cellular immunity after their multi-day repeated administration. This prospective, randomized, controlled trial involved 28 piglets in good general condition. Tested animals, depending on the treatment with isoflurane alone or in combination with the nitrogen oxide, were divided into groups. Blood samples for determination of hematologic, biochemical and immune parameters were taken at days 0, 4, 8, 16 and 24 of study. At the end of the study samples were taken from bone marrow, spleen, lung and lymph node and underwent histopathological examination. The results of these studies suggest that isoflurane and its combination with nitrogen oxide in pigs anesthetized for 24 days, have immunosuppressive effect or reduce stakes cell populations cellular immunity pigs (CD4+, CD8+, CD21+ and CD45+). However, in anesthetized piglets with nitrogen oxide and oxygen without addition of isoflurane for 24 days, at the end of the study was not recorded their harmful effect on the cellular immune system of animals. The results confirmed the initial hypothesis. The resulting immune indicators are a scientifically based recommendation that isoflurane and its combination with nitrogen oxide for the purpose of chronic anesthesia on a model of domestic pigs should be used with caution, especially if there is already a compromised immunity
