Antiplasmodial and Antiproliferative
Pseudoguaianolides
of Athroisma proteiforme from the Madagascar
Dry Forest
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Abstract
Investigation of extracts from the plant Athroisma
proteiforme (Humbert) Mattf. (Asteraceae) for antimalarial
activity led to the isolation of the five new sesquiterpene lactones <b>1</b>–<b>5</b> together with centaureidin (<b>6</b>). The structures of the new compounds were deduced from
analyses of physical and spectroscopic data, and the absolute configuration
of compound <b>1</b> was confirmed by an X-ray crystallographic
study. Athrolides C (<b>3</b>) and D (<b>4</b>) both showed
antiplasmodial activities with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 6.6 (<b>3</b>) and 7.2 μM (<b>4</b>) against the HB3 strain
and 5.5 (<b>3</b>) and 4.2 μM (<b>4</b>) against
the Dd2 strain of the malarial parasite Plasmodium
falciparum. The isolates <b>1</b>–<b>6</b> also showed antiproliferative activity against A2780 human
ovarian cancer cells, with IC<sub>50</sub> values ranging from 0.4
to 2.5 μM