<p>Two new polyacetylene glycosides, tangshenyne A (<b>1</b>) and tangshenyne B (<b>2</b>), along with six known polyacetylenes were isolated from an 85% MeOH extract of the roots of <i>Codonopsis tangshen</i> Oliv. The chemical structures of the new compounds were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses, including UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR (<sup>1</sup>H–<sup>1</sup>H COSY, HSQC and HMBC) and HR-ESI-MS.</p