<p><i>E</i>. <i>coli</i> EPI100 populations harboring mini-F plasmid derivatives were passaged daily in broth culture for 100 generations. Randomly selected colonies were screened Amp<sup>R</sup> after each passage to determine the percentage of cells that retain the plasmid. The average percentage of Amp<sup>R</sup> colonies is plotted with the standard error indicated by grey shading. <b>A</b>) <i>E</i>. <i>coli</i> EP100 Δ<i>bamA</i>::<i>cat</i> pZS21-BamA pOri<sub>F</sub>. <b>B</b>) <i>E</i>. <i>coli</i> EP100 Δ<i>bamA</i>::<i>cat</i> pZS21-BamA pCcdAB. <b>C</b>) <i>E</i>. <i>coli</i> EP100 Δ<i>bamA</i>::<i>cat</i> pZS21-BamA pCdiBAI. <b>D</b>) <i>E</i>. <i>coli</i> EP100 Δ<i>bamA</i>::<i>cat</i> pZS21-BamA<sup>ECL</sup> pCdiBAI.</p
