Scanning electron micrographs of <i>S</i>. <i>mansoni</i> adult fluke teguments after treatment with 4 μg/mL concentration of luteolin (3) and praziquantel.

Abstract

<p>A, B and C represent flukes treated with solvent (1% DMSO in culture media). A) Male tegument with well defined tubercles. B) Female tegument with clearly defined grooves and sensory papillae. C) Oral sucker with well formed pits containing spines. D, E and F represent flukes treated with praziquantel. D) Male tegument with damaged tubercles and spines. E) Female tegument with damaged papillae and swollen grooves. F) Oral suckers with eroded pits and detached spines. G, H and I represent flukes treated with luteolin (<b>3</b>). G) Male tegument with destroyed tubercles and holes. H) Female tegument with burst sensory papillae and holes. I) Oral suckers with partially eroded pits. Arrows in panels highlight treatment effects described in results text. All images at ×4000 magnification and 1 μm are scale bars shown.</p

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