<p>(A) <i>In vitro</i> kinase assays were performed with NEIL1 constructs expressed from E. coli cells and purified to homogeneity and active JNK1 kinase for 30 minutes at 32°C. γ-<sup>32</sup>P incorporation was quantified using phosphor-autoradiography after SDS-PAGE analysis of the samples. Lane 1, no JNK1 control; lane 2, no NEIL1 control; lane 3–13 are WT, S207E, S207A, S306E, S306A, S61E, S61A, DE, DA, TE, TA, respectively. (B) Graphical representation of two experimental repeats of the <i>in vitro</i> kinase assay. Statistically significant values (at 95% confidence) were determined by a one-way Anova test where * denotes p-values <0.05, *** denotes p-values <0.0005, and **** denotes p values <0.0001. (C) Glycosylase activity assays were performed using Sp:C and AP:C substrates with increasing amounts of <i>in vitro</i> phosphorylated NEIL1 (pNEIL1), unphosphorylated NEIL1 (positive control), and JNK1 (negative control). S and P indicate substrate and product, respectively.</p
