Highly
Sensitive and Quick Detection of Acute Myocardial
Infarction Biomarkers Using In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanoribbon
Biosensors Fabricated Using Shadow Masks
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Abstract
We demonstrate a scalable and facile
lithography-free method for
fabricating highly uniform and sensitive In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoribbon biosensor arrays. Fabrication with shadow masks as the
patterning method instead of conventional lithography provides low-cost,
time-efficient, and high-throughput In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoribbon
biosensors without photoresist contamination. Combined with electronic
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for signal amplification, the In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoribbon biosensor arrays are optimized for
early, quick, and quantitative detection of cardiac biomarkers in
diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Cardiac troponin I
(cTnI), creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), and B-type natriuretic peptide
(BNP) are commonly associated with heart attack and heart failure
and have been selected as the target biomarkers here. Our approach
can detect label-free biomarkers for concentrations down to 1 pg/mL
(cTnI), 0.1 ng/mL (CK-MB), and 10 pg/mL (BNP), all of which are much
lower than clinically relevant cutoff concentrations. The sample collection
to result time is only 45 min, and we have further demonstrated the
reusability of the sensors. With the demonstrated sensitivity, quick
turnaround time, and reusability, the In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoribbon
biosensors have shown great potential toward clinical tests for early
and quick diagnosis of AMI